摘要:该结构中的动词原形,实为省略了 to 的不定式,用作宾语补足语,其中的 have 为使役动词。该结构的主要用法有:
句型一:have+宾语+动词原形,即have sb do sth
该结构中的动词原形,实为省略了 to 的不定式,用作宾语补足语,其中的 have 为使役动词。该结构的主要用法有:
① 示叫(请、使、让)某人做某事。如:
The boss often has them work for 14 hours a day.
老板经常要他们一天工作14 个小时。
I’ll have the gardener plant some trees.
我要让园丁种些树。
I’ll have someone repair the bike for you.
我会让人为你修理自行车的。
②表示容忍或允许某人做某事(用于否定句,尤与 won't, can't连用)。如:
I won't have you tell me what to do.
我不能让你对我做的 事指手划脚。
句型二:have+宾语+现在分词,即have sb / sth doing
该结构中的现在分词用作宾语补足语,其中的 have 为使役动词。宾语 sb/sth 后面用现在分词作宾语补足语,表示宾语与现在分词表示的动作之间为主动关系,且动作正在进行。该结构的主要用法
有:
①表示使(让)某人(某事物)一直做在做某事或处于做某事的状态之中。如:
Within minutes he had the whole audience laughing and clapping.
没出几分钟他就让全体听众笑起来,鼓起掌来。
②表示容忍或允许某人做某事(用于否定句,尤与won't, can't连用)。如:
I won't have him risking his neck on that motorcycle.
我不会让他冒险骑那辆摩托车。
He won’t have boys arriving late.
他不允许孩子们迟到。
I won't have you smoking at your age.
我不能让你在这个年纪就抽烟。
③说服或命令某人做某事。如:
He had me doing all kinds of jobs for her.
他叫我为她做各种事情。
Don't have the baby crying!
不要让婴儿啼哭!
Don't have the dog barking much, Li lin.
李林,别让狗狂吠不停。
注:have difficult [problem] doing sth 是英语中一个很有用的句式,其中的 have 表示“有”。如:
We had the greatest difficulty imaginable getting here in time.
我们为了及时赶到此地,经历了可能想见的最大的困难。
句型三:have sth done
“have+sth (宾语)+过去分词(宾语补足语)”意为“让/叫/使/请别人做某事”。宾语sth后面用过去分词作宾语补足语,说明sth与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系。例如:
We had the machine mended just now.
我们刚才请人把机器修好了。
He has had his hair cut.
他(请人给他)理发了。
句型四:have +宾语+不定式
have意为实义动词“有”,即“有某事要做”,这件事是由主语来做的,"而have sth.to be done是有事要做,这件事本质上不是由主语来做的.
① 表示有某事要做,其中的不定式为定语。如:
She didn't have the courage to refuse.
她没有勇气拒绝
② 示因为有 A 结果发生了 B,其中的不定式为结果状语。如:
I had the luck to find him at home.我真幸运,找他时他正在家。
You can't have anything to eat at all if you don't eat any meat or fish.
如果你不吃任何肉或鱼,你就什么也吃不到。
③ have sth.to be done
I have my hair to be cut.
我要理发了。(请人给他)
l have my dinner to cook.
我要做我的晚餐了。(主语自己做)
实战训练
Mr Smith------.me to buy several ------eggs for the dinner party.
A. asked... dozen B. suggested... dozens of
C. had... dozen D. persuaded...dozens (上海高考真题)
来源:翅膀英语一点号