摘要:“tongue in cheek”字面意思为“把舌头放在脸颊处”,实际用于形容 说话或做事并非出于真心,而是以幽默、讽刺或调侃的态度表达 。该短语强调话语背后隐藏的玩笑意味,说话者并非严肃陈述观点,而是通过夸张、反讽等方式引发听众会心一笑,或是委婉表达批评。
一、短语核心释义
“tongue in cheek”字面意思为“把舌头放在脸颊处”,实际用于形容 说话或做事并非出于真心,而是以幽默、讽刺或调侃的态度表达 。该短语强调话语背后隐藏的玩笑意味,说话者并非严肃陈述观点,而是通过夸张、反讽等方式引发听众会心一笑,或是委婉表达批评。
二、词典经典例句解析
(一)牛津词典(Oxford Dictionary)
1. 例句:He says he's going to live in Australia, but I think he's just speaking tongue in cheek.
翻译:他说要去澳大利亚定居,但我觉得他只是开玩笑而已。
解析:通过“tongue in cheek”点明话语中的戏谑成分,暗示说话者并非认真规划移民。
2. 例句:The article was written tongue in cheek, but many readers took it seriously.
翻译:这篇文章是调侃性质的,但很多读者却信以为真。
解析:说明文章以幽默笔调创作,却因未被读者识别出玩笑意图而引发误解。
(二)剑桥词典(Cambridge Dictionary)
1. 例句:She suggested, tongue in cheek, that we should all give up our jobs and go traveling.
翻译:她半开玩笑地提议,我们都应该辞职去旅行。
解析:用“tongue in cheek”修饰“suggested”,突出提议的荒诞性和玩笑色彩。
2. 例句:His comment about quitting school was clearly tongue in cheek.
翻译:他说要退学的话显然是在开玩笑。
解析:表明话语带有夸张成分,并非真实想法。
(三)韦氏词典(Merriam-Webster Dictionary)
1. 例句:I think he was saying it tongue in cheek, but I'm not sure.
翻译:我觉得他说这话是在调侃,但也不太确定。
解析:体现“tongue in cheek”常用于表达对他人话语真实性的怀疑,暗示话语背后的玩笑意图。
2. 例句:The advertisement was designed to be tongue in cheek, attracting attention with humor.
翻译:这则广告故意以诙谐调侃的风格设计,用幽默来吸引眼球。
解析:说明该短语可用于描述创作意图,强调通过玩笑手法实现特定目的。
(四)柯林斯词典(Collins Dictionary)
1. 例句:They clearly thought I was joking, but my offer to help was not tongue in cheek.
翻译:他们显然以为我在开玩笑,但我提出帮忙是认真的。
解析:通过否定形式“not tongue in cheek”形成对比,强调说话者态度的真诚,反证该短语用于区分玩笑与严肃的语境。
2. 例句:The report's recommendations were presented tongue in cheek, highlighting the absurdity of the situation.
翻译:报告中的建议以调侃的方式提出,意在凸显局势的荒谬性。
解析:说明“tongue in cheek”可用于讽刺性表达,通过玩笑揭露问题本质。
3.例句:
'No doubt he'll give me the chance to fight him again,' he jibed, tongue in cheek.
翻译:“毫无疑问他会给我机会和他再打上一架的,”他半开玩笑地讥讽道。
解析:jibe /dʒaɪb/
n.
嘲弄;嘲讽;讥讽
v.
(与…)一致,相符,相匹配;嘲弄;嘲讽;挖苦
说明“tongue in cheek”可用于自嘲性表达,通过自嘲揭露问题本质、缓解尴尬、轻松诙谐气氛。
三、短语使用场景与变体
(一)常见使用场景
1. 日常对话:用于化解尴尬或活跃气氛,如:“I told my boss I needed a month off to relax—tongue in cheek, of course!”(我跟老板说要休假一个月放松——当然是开玩笑的!)
2. 文学与媒体:作家、编剧或广告创作者常用此手法引发共鸣,如:“The satirical novel was written tongue in cheek, mocking social norms.”(这部讽刺小说以戏谑口吻创作,嘲讽社会规范。)
3. 社交媒体:网络流行语常带有“tongue in cheek”色彩,如推文:“Just volunteered to clean the entire office… said no one, ever. #tongueincheek”(主动提出打扫整个办公室……谁都不会这么说的。#玩笑话)
(二)短语变体与搭配
- 形容词形式:“a tongue-in-cheek comment”(一则调侃的评论)
- 副词形式:“He spoke tongue-in-cheekily about his ‘brilliant’ idea.”(他以调侃的语气谈论自己“绝妙”的主意)
四、同义短语对比与辨析
与“tongue in cheek”类似的表达包括 “in jest”“half-joking”“with a grain of salt”,但用法各有侧重:
- “in jest”:侧重 “以玩笑为目的”,如:“He only made that comment in jest.”(他说那话只是开玩笑。)相比之下,“tongue in cheek”可包含更深层的讽刺意味。
- “half-joking”:强调 “半认真半玩笑” 的模糊态度,如:“I was half-joking when I suggested we move abroad.”(我提议出国时半开玩笑半认真。)而“tongue in cheek”通常更偏向纯粹的玩笑。
- “with a grain of salt”:指 “对言论持怀疑态度”,如:“Take his claims with a grain of salt.”(别轻信他的话。)该短语侧重听众的反应,而非说话者的态度。
五、总结
“tongue in cheek”是英语中表达幽默、讽刺与调侃的核心短语,广泛应用于口语、文学及媒体创作。通过词典例句可见,其既能轻松化解对话氛围,也能含蓄传达批判态度。使用时需注意根据语境判断玩笑程度,并区分与同类短语的细微差异,方能准确传递语言背后的诙谐与深意。
来源:翅膀英语一点号