MXene-石墨烯/ANF柔性复合膜，具有火灾报警、可穿戴电子产品等

摘要：开发能够兼顾机械坚固性和多功能集成性的高性能结构功能复合材料仍然是一项严峻的挑战。本文，北京交通大学梁本亮副教授、颜鲁婷教授团队在《Journal of Materials Science & Technology》期刊发表名为“Integrated st

1成果简介

开发能够兼顾机械坚固性和多功能集成性的高性能结构功能复合材料仍然是一项严峻的挑战。本文，北京交通大学梁本亮副教授、颜鲁婷教授团队在《Journal of Materials Science & Technology》期刊发表名为“Integrated structural-functional MXene-GNs/ANF flexible composite film with enhanced thermal conductivity and electromagnetic interference shielding performance”的论文，研究受珍珠层分层结构的启发，我们创造出了柔性三元复合材料，其特点是MXene（Ti3C2Tx）、石墨烯纳米片（GNs）和芳纶纳米纤维（ANF）相互渗透的三维（3D）网络。这种多尺度策略将氢键和仿珍珠层结构与三维互穿网络协同结合，并通过 GNs 实现界面润滑，从而克服了强度-韧性权衡问题，同时促进了多功能性。

优化后的 MXene-GNs/ANF（MXene-GNs重量百分比为60%，比例为 50:50，厚度为28μm）具有优异的机械性能：拉伸强度为175.10±3.80 MPa，断裂应变为18.56%±0.78%，韧性为 15.88±0.60MJ·m⁻³。同时，它的电磁干扰屏蔽效能（EMI SE）为36.4dB（8.2-12.4GHz），面内导热率（TC）为 11.58W·m⁻¹K⁻¹。厚度增加到 65 μm 后，EMI SE 进一步提高到 40.2 dB，TC进一步提高到23.21W·m⁻¹K⁻¹，优于大多数已报道的类似材料。这种复合材料还具有出色的热稳定性，在氮气环境中温度低于558°C 时不会出现明显的重量损失，同时还具有快速焦耳加热（4 V时温度为 160°C）、环境适应性和阻燃防火等多功能特性。通过协调界面相互作用和分层结构，这项研究为需要综合机械耐久性、电磁干扰屏蔽和热管理的下一代可穿戴电子设备和极端环境应用提供了一种可扩展的先进柔性材料。

2图文导读

图1. Schematic of MGA film fabrication and preparation.

图2. (a) Raman spectra of MXene, GNs, and MGA-50. (b) Partial amplified Raman spectra of ANF and MGA-50. (c) XRD patterns of MXene, ANF, GNs, and MGA-50. (d) XPS spectra of MXene, ANF, and MGA-50. High-resolution C1s XPS spectra of (e) MXene and (f) MGA-50.

图3. (a) Tensile stress–strain curves of MGA films with various GNs contents. (b) Tensile strength and toughness of MGA films with various GNs contents. (c) Fracture cross-sectional SEM image of the MGA-50 film. (d) Fracture surface SEM image of the MGA-50 film. (e) Enlarged SEM image of the crack tip. (f) Strength and strain of MGA-50 and MGAT-50 films in this work compared to other MXene/Graphene-based materials. (g) Complex deformation endurance of the MGA-50 film. (h) Fracture mechanism for composite films.

图4. (a) EMI SET of MGA films with various GNs content. (b) SER, SEA, SET of MGA films with various GNs content. (c) Average EMI coefficients R, A, and T of MGA films. (d) Comparison of SSE/t of the MGA and MGAT films with the other reported materials. (e) Schematic diagram of the EMI shielding mechanism of MGA films.

图5. (a) In-plane TCs of MGA and MGAT films with various GNs content. (b) The TC of MGA and MGAT films compared to other reported materials. (c) Surface temperature variation curves of MGA-50 film at different voltages. (d) Surface temperature profile of MGA-50 film with 3 repeated on/off cycles of electrical heating. (e) Long-range electrical heating temperature variation curves of MGA-50 film for 1100 s at a constant voltage of 4 V. The MGA-50 and MGAT-50 films in this work are compared to other materials: (f) TC and SSE/t; (g) TC and strength.

图6. (a) Picture of MGA-50 film after treatment in a harsh environment. EMI SET of MGA-50 films after treatment in (b) HCl, (c) NaOH, (d) DI water, (e) ethanol, (f) boiling water, (g) liquid nitrogen. (h) Picture of the MGA-50 film in 4-cycle fire alarm.

3小结

总之，利用ANF的机械坚固性与MXene和GNs的优异导电/导热性的协同组合，通过简单的真空辅助过滤方法，成功制备了结构与功能集成的均相 MGA 复合材料。优化后的 MGA-50 复合薄膜具有卓越的多功能性能，包括 36.4 dB 的 EMI SE、11.26 W m−1 K−1的面内 TC 和出色的机械性能（拉伸强度：175.10 ± 3.80 MPa、应变：18.56% ± 0.78%、韧性：15.88 ± 0.60MJ m−3）。通过将厚度增加到 65 μm，MGAT-50 薄膜在保持稳健的机械性能的同时，进一步将 EMI SE 提高到 40.2 dB，将平面内 TC 提高到 23.21W m−1 K−1。此外，这种复合材料还具有焦耳加热、环境稳定性和火灾探测能力，是一种多功能功能材料。

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