摘要：This post will introduce the research object and keyword definition of the intensive reading journal article "Platform Supply Chai
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“俊学（23）：精读期刊论文《商品及服务竞争下平台供应链议价模式选择策略》的研究对象与关键词定义”
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“Junxue (23): In-depth reading of the journal article "Platform Supply Chain Bargaining Model Selection Strategy under Goods and Services Competition" and the definition of key words”
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本期推文将从思维导图、精读内容、知识补充三个方面介绍精读期刊论文《商品及服务竞争下平台供应链议价模式选择策略》的研究对象与关键词定义。
This post will introduce the research object and keyword definition of the intensive reading journal article "Platform Supply Chain Bargaining Model Selection Strategy under Goods and Services Competition" from three aspects: mind map, intensive reading content, and knowledge supplement.
一、思维导图（Mind Maps）
（1）研究对象（Research subjects）
平台供应链。平台供应链是依托数字平台将供应商、制造商、物流商、金融机构和消费者等多方连接起来的供应链体系，具有多边连接、数据驱动、资源共享和生态化等特征。
Platform supply chain. A platform supply chain is a supply chain system that relies on a digital platform to connect multiple parties, including suppliers, manufacturers, logistics providers, financial institutions, and consumers. It has the characteristics of multilateral connection, data-driven, resource sharing, and ecologicalization.
它通过撮合交易、整合物流、提供金融和增值服务，提高了供应链的效率与透明度，降低了成本，并帮助中小企业更好地参与市场。但同时也面临平台垄断、数据安全、利益协调及合规等挑战。
By facilitating transactions, integrating logistics, and providing financial and value-added services, it improves supply chain efficiency and transparency, reduces costs, and helps small and medium-sized enterprises better participate in the market. However, it also faces challenges such as platform monopoly, data security, interest coordination, and regulatory compliance.
（2）关键词定义（Keyword Definition）
1.讨价还价博弈。讨价还价博弈是博弈论中研究谈判与分配问题的重要模型，核心在于双方如何在资源分配中达成协议。静态模型如纳什讨价还价，通过最大化“纳什积”得到既有效率又兼顾公平的结果；动态模型如鲁宾斯坦交替报价模型，考虑时间贴现，揭示了耐心程度决定谈判优势。
Bargaining games are an important model in game theory for studying negotiation and allocation issues. Their core focus is on how two parties reach an agreement on resource allocation. Static models, such as Nash bargaining, achieve both efficiency and fairness by maximizing the "Nash product." Dynamic models, such as the Rubinstein alternating offer model, consider time discounting and reveal that patience determines negotiation advantage.
在有限轮谈判中，倒推法显示提出顺序会带来权力差异。现实中还涉及信息不对称、多方谈判等复杂因素，广泛应用于劳资协商、国际谈判、商业交易和政治博弈等场景。
In limited-round negotiations, the backward reasoning method shows that the order of proposals can lead to power differences. In reality, this approach also involves complex factors such as information asymmetry and multi-party negotiations. It is widely used in labor-management consultations, international negotiations, commercial transactions, and political games.
2.单独议价。单独议价是指买卖双方通过一对一谈判确定交易价格和条件的方式，具有灵活性强、能满足个性化需求并有助于建立长期合作关系的优点，但也存在耗时、信息不对称和议价权不平衡等问题，常见于大宗商品、定制化采购、房地产等领域。
Individual bargaining refers to a method in which the buyer and seller determine the transaction price and terms through one-on-one negotiations. This method offers the advantages of flexibility, the ability to meet individual needs, and the ability to establish long-term partnerships. However, it also has the disadvantages of being time-consuming, having information asymmetry, and having an imbalance in bargaining power. It is common in the commodity, customized procurement, real estate and other fields.
3.集体议价。集体议价是指由群体（如工会、协会）代表成员与另一方进行谈判以确定工资、福利或价格等条件的方式，其优势在于提升弱势方的谈判地位、增强公平性和效率，但也可能导致谈判僵局、增加成本或形成行业垄断，常见于劳资关系、行业协商和农民合作组织与采购商的谈判中。
Collective bargaining refers to a method in which a group (such as a trade union or association) represents its members in negotiations with another party to determine conditions such as wages, benefits or prices. Its advantage is to enhance the bargaining position of the weaker party, increase fairness and efficiency, but it may also lead to negotiation deadlocks, increase costs or form industry monopolies. It is common in labor-management relations, industry consultations and negotiations between farmers' cooperatives and purchasers.
4.运营服务水平。运营服务水平是指企业在运营过程中为客户或合作伙伴提供服务的质量和能力，反映了其在效率、可靠性、响应速度和客户满意度等方面的综合表现。
Operational service level refers to the quality and ability of a company to provide services to customers or partners during its operations, reflecting its overall performance in terms of efficiency, reliability, responsiveness, and customer satisfaction.
它既包括订单履约、物流配送、售后支持等具体环节的执行效果，也体现了企业在信息沟通、资源协调和问题处理上的整体管理能力。较高的运营服务水平有助于提升客户体验、增强市场竞争力和建立长期合作关系，但提升过程中也需要权衡成本投入与收益。
It encompasses the performance of specific aspects such as order fulfillment, logistics, and after-sales support, while also reflecting a company's overall management capabilities in information communication, resource coordination, and problem-solving. A high level of operational service helps enhance customer experience, strengthen market competitiveness, and build long-term partnerships, but this improvement also requires a balance between cost and benefit.
三、知识补充（Knowledge Supplement）
1.平台供应链的关键特点（Key features of platform supply chains）
平台供应链的关键特点包括：通过平台多边连接供应链各方，实现数据驱动的决策和资源共享；具备柔性和生态化特征，整合支付、金融、物流、营销等服务；同时提供可追溯性和透明度，提高供应链管理效率与协作水平。
The key features of platform supply chains include: multilaterally connecting all parties in the supply chain through the platform to achieve data-driven decision-making and resource sharing; possessing flexible and ecological characteristics, integrating payment, finance, logistics, marketing and other services; while providing traceability and transparency to improve supply chain management efficiency and collaboration levels.
2.平台供应链的运作模式（Operation model of platform supply chain）
平台供应链的运作模式主要有四种：电商型侧重交易撮合及仓储物流服务；产业互联网型强调供应链透明化和效率优化；物流平台型整合运输与仓储资源提高配送效率；供应链金融平台为中小企业提供融资和信用支持。
There are four main operating models of platform supply chains: the e-commerce model focuses on transaction matching and warehousing and logistics services; the industrial Internet model emphasizes supply chain transparency and efficiency optimization; the logistics platform model integrates transportation and warehousing resources to improve distribution efficiency; and the supply chain finance platform provides financing and credit support for small and medium-sized enterprises.
3.纳什积（Nash product）
纳什积是纳什讨价还价理论中的核心概念，等于双方协议收益相对于分歧点增益的乘积，通过最大化纳什积可以得到既有效率又公平的谈判结果，常用于工资分配、商业合同和国际谈判等场景。
The Nash product is a core concept in Nash bargaining theory. It is equal to the product of the gains of the agreement between the two parties relative to the gains at the disagreement point. By maximizing the Nash product, a negotiation result that is both efficient and fair can be obtained. It is often used in scenarios such as wage distribution, commercial contracts, and international negotiations.
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翻译：Google翻译
参考资料：百度百科、Chat GPT
参考文献：李慧,徐琪.商品及服务竞争下平台供应链议价模式选择策略[J].管理学报,2025,22(08):1537-1546.
来源：LearningYard学苑