摘要:当 hardly 单独作为否定副词位于句首时,句子需使用部分倒装(助动词/情态动词提前至主语前),例如:
1. 基本规则:句首否定副词需倒装
当 hardly 单独作为否定副词位于句首时,句子需使用部分倒装(助动词/情态动词提前至主语前),例如:
Hardly had I arrived when the meeting started. (我刚到,会议就开始了。)
Hardly can I believe the news. (我几乎无法相信这个消息。)
2. 例外情况:hardly 修饰主语或固定搭配
(1)Hardly 修饰主语(无需倒装)
当 hardly 直接修饰主语(如 hardly any/anyone)时,句子不倒装,例如:
Hardly any of them believed that. (他们几乎没人相信。)
Hardly anybody was there. (几乎没人在场。)
(2)固定搭配(如 hardly ever)
若 hardly 与 ever 或 any 等构成固定搭配,通常不倒装:
I hardly ever go out. (我几乎不出门。)
There was hardly any food left. (几乎没剩下食物。)
3. 特殊结构:hardly...when...
表示“一……就……”时,hardly 后接过去完成时,从句用一般过去时,且需倒装:
Hardly had the sun risen when the fog dispersed. (太阳刚升起,雾就散了。)
Hardly had he spoken when she interrupted. (他刚开口,她就打断了。)
4. 易混淆点对比
Hardly vs. Rarely
Hardly 强调“几乎不”,常与 any/ever 连用(否定更强)。
Rarely 表示“很少”,语气较弱(如 She rarely smiles.)。
Hardly vs. Hard
Hardly 是副词(否定),hard 可作形容词(困难的)或副词(努力地)。
避免双重否定:hardly 本身含否定,不可与 no/never 连用。
来源:钱老板穿搭一点号