摘要：多年学习研究发现了“3D英语学习法”：英语学习需要布局3D（3维）篇章：基础篇X轴@单词、词组、句子、段落和文章；功能篇Y轴@听力、口语、阅读、写作和翻译；应用篇Z轴@国际贸易、国际商务、乒乓旅游、考试实战、同声传译！X轴方向打下五个基础--字、词、句、段、文

多年学习研究发现了“3D英语学习法”：英语学习需要布局3D（3维）篇章：基础篇X轴@单词、词组、句子、段落和文章；功能篇Y轴@听力、口语、阅读、写作和翻译；应用篇Z轴@国际贸易、国际商务、乒乓旅游、考试实战、同声传译！X轴方向打下五个基础--字、词、句、段、文，Y轴方向建好五层楼房--听、说、读、写、译，Z轴方向进行实战应用--因人而异，自由选择！

本文为“3D英语学习法”中功能篇X轴方向下的单词--CATTI常考词汇训练500词研读学习！

3DEn-X11 @ 500 words usually tested in CATTI (01)

1、 Abolish

abolish

【Decomposition】abolish=ab+ol+ish

【Definition】 to do away with; put an end to ; annul; make void

【examples】 to abolish slavery or polygamy 废除奴隶制或一夫多妻制

【Synonyms】abrogate / annul / cancel / dissolve / eradicate / nullify / overthrow / overturn / pro

hibit / put an end to / repeal / rescind / revoke / set aside / suppress / terminate / wipe out / abate / annihilate / destroy / disestablish / end / erase / expunge / extin guish / extirpate /finish / kill /negate / obliterate / quash / repudiate / squelch / subv ert / supersede / undo / vacate / vitiate / void / zap / call off

【Antonyms】allow / approve / create / establish / fix / institute / pass / permit / sanction / valida te / aid / assist / bear / begin / build / commence / construct / give birth / help / initi ate / keep / revive / save / schedule / set up / start / confirm / continue / enact / leg alize / promote / ratify / support / uphold

【Collocation】 动词+～: seek to abolish 试图取消、decide to abolish 决定取消、vote to aboli sh 投票取消

～+名词: abolish a ban 取消禁令、abolish a constitutional law 废除一项符合宪 法的法规、abolish a department 撤销一个机构、abolish a post 撤销一 个职位、 abolish a system 废除一种制度、abolish abuses of power 铲 除滥用权力的现象、abolish child labour 禁雇 童工、abolish control 取 消控制、abolish folly 消除愚昧、abolish fox hunting 禁猎狐狸、abolish old rules 取消旧规则、abolish outmoded regulations and irrational practices 革除陈规陋习、 abolish poverty 消除贫困、abolish prostitution 取缔卖淫、abolish racial discrimination 废除种族歧视、 abolish slavery 废除奴隶制度、abolish slave trade 取缔奴隶贸易、 abolish superstitious practices 取缔迷信活动、abolish tariff barriers 取 消关税壁垒、abolish the death penalty 废除死刑、 abolish the pensions 取消养老金、abolish the system of exploitation of man by man 消灭人剥削人的制度

～+副词: altogether abolish 彻底废除、abolish completely 完全废除、abolish eff ectually 有效地废除、abolish entirely 全部废除、abolish largely 大体 上取消、abolish forcibly 强制取缔、abolish gradually 逐步取消、abolis h immediately 立即取消、abolish permanently 永久废除、abolish totall y 全部取消、abolish tyrannically 专横地废除、abolish ultimately 最终 废除、abolish virtually 差不多废除；实际上取消【Homograph】 Abolished / abolishing / abolishment / abolishable / abolish segregation

2、 Aboriginal

aboriginal

【Decomposition】aboriginal=ab+origin+al

【Definition】 the state of being Aboriginal, esp with regard to having a common Aboriginal culture

【Collocation】aboriginal civilization 土著文明、aboriginal custom 当地的古老风俗、aboriginal fauna and flora （某地）土生土长的动植物群、aboriginal inhabitants 美洲的土 著居民、aboriginal language 土著语言、aboriginal people 土著人、aboriginal plant 原始植物、aboriginal tribes 土著部落

Synonyms】 original / native / autochthonous / indigenous / local / primaeval / primordial / prim al / primeval / indigen / indigene

Homograph】aboriginalia /aboriginality

3、 Absolve

absolve

【Decomposition】absolve=ab+solve

【Definition】to free from guilt or blame or their consequences:

to set free or release, as from some duty, obligation, or responsibility:

to grant pardon for.

to grant or pronounce remission of sins to.to remit by absolution. to declare removed.

to do away with; put an end to ; annul; make void

【Synonym】forgive 原谅、pardon 原谅，宽恕，饶恕...、excuse 原谅、free 自由的、clear  清楚的、release 释放、liberate 解放、remit 汇出、discharge 排出、acquit 宣布 无罪、cleanse 使 ... 清洁、justify 替 ... 辩护、exonerate 确定无罪、exculpate  为某人开脱、shrive 听忏悔

4、 accomplice

accomplice

【Decomposition】accomplice=ac+com+plice

【Definition】a person who knowingly helps another in a crime or wrongdoing, often as a subor dinate.

【Collocation】 形容词+～：criminal accomplice 同案犯、principal accomplice 主要帮凶、secr et accomplice 秘密的同谋、unwitting accomplice 不知情的从犯

～+介词：accomplice in a robbery 抢劫案中的同谋犯、accomplice of sb … 的 帮凶、accomplice with sb … 的同谋〔共犯〕

【Synonym】accessory / associate / complicity / confederate / complicity / confederate

5、 Accuse

accuse

【Decomposition】accuse=ac+cus+e

【Definition】 to charge with the fault, offense, or crime/ to find fault with; blame.

【Collocation】～+名词: accuse social evils 谴责社会弊端

～+副词: accuse determinedly 强烈地指责、accuse falsely 诬告、accuse indig nantly 愤慨地指责、accuse publicly 公开指控、accuse sternly 严厉 地 指责、accuse unjustly 不公正地指责、accuse wrongly 错怪

～+介词：accuse sb as an accomplice 控告某人是同犯、accuse sb for the delay 埋怨延误是某人造成的、accuse sb of 指控某人犯有…罪、 accuse sb of acrime 控告某人犯罪、accuse sb of carelessness 指责 某人粗心、accuse sb of corruption 控告某人贪污腐化、accuse sb of cowardice 责备某人怯懦、accuse sb of favoritism 指责某人偏心、 accuse sb of fraud 控告某人诈骗、accuse sb of laziness 指责某人懒 惰、accuse sb of murder 控告某人谋杀、accuse sb of theft 控告某人 盗窃、accuse sb of neglecting spellings 责备某人不注意拼写、accuse sb of having committed a crime 控告某人犯法

【Synonym】 blame / call to account / charge / cite / indict / lodge / reproach / take to task

【Antonym】 absolve / acquit / answer / defend / deny / plea / reply

PS:

毋庸置疑，单词是英语学习的基础，是“英语大厦”的根基。但是，英语单词不能死记硬背，也无需死记硬背，而是需要学习了解一些构词法，像词根、词缀、词源等知识，知道英语单词怎么来的？如何拼写？后续在“词组”、“句子”学习中，还可以将英语单词的“一词多义”限制在特定的范围之内。

另外，学习英语单词时，还需要学习单词的词组、例句，以及它们的同义词、反义词、形近词等，仔细体会同义词之间的细微差别以及在固定词组中的搭配用法。

Undoubtedly, words are the foundation of English learning and the cornerstone of the 'English Building'. However, English words cannot be memorized by rote, nor do they need to be memorized by rote. Instead, one needs to learn deconstructive vocabulary, such as roots, affixes, and etymology, to understand how English words come from? How to spell it? In the subsequent learning of "phrases" and "sentences", the "polysemy" of English words can also be limited to a specific range.

In addition, when learning English words, it is necessary to learn the phrases, example sentences, synonyms, antonyms, and similar words of the words, carefully understand the subtle differences between synonyms, and their collocation usage in fixed phrases.

来源：安地乒旅英语