中考英语必备各类不定时态用法详解及例句双语

360影视 动漫周边 2025-04-04 12:39 2

摘要:在英语中,动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,由“to + 动词原形”构成(在某些情况下to可以省略) ,它没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。下面为你详细介绍初中英语中动词不定式的各类时态及双语例句:

在英语中,动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,由“to + 动词原形”构成(在某些情况下to可以省略) ,它没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。下面为你详细介绍初中英语中动词不定式的各类时态及双语例句:

一般式(to do / to be done)

- 用法:动词不定式一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或者发生在谓语动词之后;当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式要用被动语态(to be done)。

- 例句:

- He wants to go shopping.(他想去购物。“to go”与“wants”同时发生)

- The homework to be finished tomorrow is very difficult.(明天要完成的作业非常难。“to be finished”发生在“is”之后,且homework是finish的承受者 )

- She asks me to help her.(她让我帮助她。“to help”发生在“asks”之后)

- The letter to be sent is on the desk.(要寄的信在桌子上。“to be sent”发生在“is”之后,letter是send的承受者)

- They plan to visit the museum next week.(他们计划下周参观博物馆。“to visit”发生在“plan”之后 )

进行式(to be doing)

- 用法:动词不定式进行式表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。

- 例句:

- They seem to be talking about something important.(他们似乎正在谈论一些重要的事情。“to be talking”与“seem”同时发生)

- When I passed by, he appeared to be reading a novel.(当我路过时,他好像正在读一本小说。“to be reading”与“appeared”同时发生)

- She pretended to be sleeping when her mother came in.(她妈妈进来时,她假装正在睡觉。“to be sleeping”与“pretended”同时发生 )

- The students seem to be listening attentively in class.(学生们在课堂上似乎正在认真听讲。“to be listening”与“seem”同时发生)

- He happened to be waiting for the bus when I saw him.(我看见他时,他碰巧正在等公交车。“to be waiting”与“happened”同时发生)

完成式(to have done / to have been done)

- 用法:动词不定式完成式所表示的动作在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生;当动作是被动且发生在谓语动词之前时,用to have been done。

- 例句:

- I'm sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.(很抱歉让你等了这么久。“to have kept”发生在“am”之前 )

- She seems to have known the good news.(她似乎已经知道了这个好消息。“to have known”发生在“seems”之前 )

- The project to have been completed by the end of last month was very difficult.(原计划在上个月底完成的项目非常困难。“to have been completed”发生在“was”之前,project是complete的承受者)

- He is said to have written a new book.(据说他已经写了一本新书。“to have written”发生在“is said”之前 )

- They are reported to have discovered a new star.(据报道他们已经发现了一颗新的恒星。“to have discovered”发生在“are reported”之前 )

完成进行式(to have been doing)

- 用法:动词不定式完成进行式表示动作是在谓语动词所表示的时间之前一直在进行的动作。

- 例句:

- She is known to have been working on this research for many years.(众所周知,她多年来一直在从事这项研究。“to have been working”在“is known”之前一直在进行)

- He seems to have been waiting for you for ages.(他似乎已经等你很久了。“to have been waiting”在“seems”之前一直在进行 )

- They are believed to have been living here since 2010.(人们认为他们自2010年以来一直住在这里。“to have been living”在“are believed”之前一直在进行)

- She appears to have been crying. Her eyes are red.(她看起来一直在哭,她的眼睛是红的。“to have been crying”在“appears”之前一直在进行)

- He is thought to have been studying hard for the exam recently.(人们认为他最近一直在为考试努力学习。“to have been studying”在“is thought”之前一直在进行)

来源:蒙古元素

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