(外刊精读-路透社)印巴冲突让中国武器大放异彩!

360影视 欧美动漫 2025-05-12 09:10 1

摘要:A Chinese-made Pakistani fighter plane shot down at least two Indian military aircraft on Wednesday, two U.S. officials told Reute

1.原文

)更简约、阅读体验更好!

May 8 (Reuters) - A dogfight between Chinese-made Pakistani jets and French-made Indian Rafale fighters will be closely scrutinized by militaries seeking insights that could offer an edge in future conflicts.

A Chinese-made Pakistani fighter plane shot down at least two Indian military aircraft on Wednesday, two U.S. officials told Reuters, marking a potential major milestone for Beijing's advanced fighter jet.

The aerial clash is a rare opportunity for militaries to study the performance of pilots, fighter jets and air-to-air missiles in active combat, and use that knowledge to prepare their own air forces for battle.

One U.S. official, speaking on condition of anonymity, told Reuters there was high confidence that Pakistan had used the Chinese-made J-10 aircraft to launch air-to-air missiles against Indian fighter jets.

Social media posts focused on the performance of China's PL-15 radar-guided air-to-air missile against the Meteor, a radar-guided air-to-air missile produced by European group MBDA (AIR.PA), opens new tab, (BAES.L), opens new tab, (LDOF.MI), opens new tab. There has been no official confirmation these weapons were used.

1.1 翻译

路透社 5 月 8 日电 中国制造的巴基斯坦战机与法国制造的印度 “阵风” 战斗机之间的空战将受到各国军方的密切审视,他们试图从中获取能在未来冲突中取得优势的信息。

两名美国官员告诉路透社,一架中国制造的巴基斯坦战斗机周三击落了至少两架印度军用飞机,这标志着中国先进战斗机的一个潜在重大里程碑。

这次空中冲突为各国军方提供了一个难得的机会,让他们能够研究飞行员、战斗机和空对空导弹在实战中的性能,并利用这些知识让本国空军做好战斗准备。

一名不愿透露姓名的美国官员告诉路透社,有很大把握认为巴基斯坦使用了中国制造的歼 - 10 战机向印度战斗机发射了空对空导弹。

社交媒体上的帖子聚焦于中国的 PL-15 空对空导弹与欧洲 MBDA 集团(AIR.PA)、英国宇航系统公司(BAES.L)、意大利列奥纳多公司(LDOF.MI)生产的雷达制导空对空导弹 “流星” 的性能对比。目前还没有官方证实使用了这些武器。

1.2 重点详解

dogfight [ˈdɔːɡfaɪt] :名词,意为 “混战;(战斗机)空中格斗,缠斗” ,这里指战机之间的空战。scrutinize [ˈskruːtənaɪz] :动词,意思是 “仔细检查;细致审查;认真查看”,文中指各国军方对空战的密切关注和研究。milestones [ˈmaɪlstəʊnz] :名词,“里程碑;重要事件;重要阶段” ,此处指中国先进战斗机取得的重大标志性事件。aerial [ˈeəriəl] :形容词,“空中的;航空的;从空中的”,“aerial clash” 即空中冲突。anonymity [ˌænəˈnɪməti] :名词,“匿名;不透露姓名”,“speaking on condition of anonymity” 表示匿名发言。radar-guided :合成词,“雷达制导的”,用于描述导弹依靠雷达进行导向。

2.原文

"Air warfare communities in China, the U.S. and a number of European countries will be extremely interested to try and get as much ground truth as they can on tactics, techniques, procedures, what kit was used, what worked and what didn't," said Douglas Barrie, senior fellow for military aerospace at the International Institute for Strategic Studies.

"You have arguably China's most capable weapon against the West's most capable weapon, if indeed it was being carried; we don't know that," Barrie said.

The French and Americans would likely be hoping for similar intelligence from India, Barrie said. "The PL-15 is a big problem. It is something that the U.S. military pays a lot of attention to," a defense industry executive said.

Rafale manufacturer Dassault Aviation (AM.PA), opens new tab declined comment and the MBDA consortium (AIR.PA), opens new tab, (BAES.L), opens new tab, (LDOF.MI), opens new tab could not immediately be reached for comment on a French public holiday.

2.1 翻译

“中国、美国以及一些欧洲国家的空战界将极其渴望尽可能多地了解有关战术、技术、程序方面的第一手真实情况,了解使用了什么装备,哪些发挥了作用,哪些没有发挥作用。” 国际战略研究所军事航空领域的高级研究员道格拉斯・巴里说道。

巴里说:“可以说,这是中国最具能力的武器对阵西方最具能力的武器,当然前提是确实携带了(该武器);我们并不清楚这一点。”

巴里说,法国人和美国人很可能希望从印度那里获取类似的情报。

“PL-15 是个大问题。这是美国军方非常关注的东西。” 一位国防工业高管说道。

“阵风” 战斗机制造商达索航空公司(AM.PA)拒绝置评,而在法国的一个公共假日期间,无法立即联系到 MBDA 联合企业(AIR.PA)、英国宇航系统公司(BAES.L)、意大利列奥纳多公司(LDOF.MI)置评。

2.2 重点详解

air warfare communities:“空战界”,“air warfare” 表示 “空战”,“communities” 在这里指相关的领域群体,即空战领域的相关人员和组织等。ground truth:“第一手真实情况;基本事实”,指基于实际情况的准确信息,强调真实可靠且是实际发生的情况。tactics [ˈtæktɪks] :名词,“战术;策略”,在军事语境中,指为达成特定目标而采取的具体行动方式和方法。arguably [ˈɑːɡjuəbli] :副词,“可以说;按理说;有理由认为”,用于引出一个观点,并表明该观点是可以通过论证来支持的。intelligence [ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns] :名词,“情报;信息”,在这里指关于空战中武器装备使用等方面的有价值信息。defense industry executive:“国防工业高管”,“defense industry” 是 “国防工业”,“executive” 表示 “管理人员;高管”。decline [dɪˈklaɪn] :动词,“拒绝;下降;衰退”,文中 “decline comment” 即 “拒绝置评”,表示不愿意发表意见或评论。consortium [kənˈsɔːtiəm] :名词,“联合企业;财团;联合体”,文中指 MBDA 这种由多个公司联合组成的企业形式。

3.原文

Western analysts and industry sources said crucial details remained unclear including whether the Meteor was carried and the type and amount of training the pilots had received. Arms firms would also be anxious to separate technical performance from operational factors, analysts said.

"There will be audits of what works and what doesn't work, but I think the other overlay is the proverbial fog of war," said Byron Callan, a Washington-based defense expert and managing partner of Capital Alpha Partners.

U.S. arms companies are getting constant feedback about how their products are working in the war in Ukraine, he said.

"So I absolutely expect the same to be the case with India's European suppliers, and Pakistan and China are probably sharing the same feedback. If the PL-15 is working as advertised or better than expected, the Chinese would like to hear that."

A defense industry source from a Western country operating the Meteor said an online picture of a seeker appeared to feature the component of a missile that had missed its target. There are conflicting reports on whether Pakistan has the domestic version of the PL-15 from the PLAAF, China's air force, or the lower-range export version publicly unveiled in 2021.

3.1 翻译

西方分析人士和行业消息人士称,包括 “流星” 导弹是否被携带,以及飞行员所接受训练的类型和数量等关键细节仍不明确。分析人士表示,武器公司也急于将技术性能与作战因素区分开来。

华盛顿的国防专家、资本阿尔法合伙公司的管理合伙人拜伦・卡伦说:“将会对哪些有效、哪些无效进行审核,但我认为另一个叠加因素是众所周知的战争迷雾。”

他说,美国武器公司不断收到有关其产品在乌克兰战争中表现的反馈

“所以我完全预计印度的欧洲供应商也会出现同样的情况,而且巴基斯坦和中国可能也在分享同样的反馈。如果 PL-15 的表现如宣传的那样,甚至比预期更好,中国人会希望听到这样的消息。”

一名来自使用 “流星” 导弹的西方国家的国防工业消息人士称,一张在线图片上的一个导引头似乎显示了一枚未击中目标的导弹的部件。关于巴基斯坦拥有的是来自中国人民解放军空军的 PL-15 的国内版本,还是 2021 年公开披露的低射程出口版本,存在相互矛盾的报道。

3.2 重点详解

crucial [ˈkruːʃl] :形容词,意为 “关键的;决定性的;至关重要的”,用于描述那些对了解情况很重要的细节。arms firms :词组,“武器公司”,“arms” 指 “武器;军备”,“firms” 表示 “公司;商号”,合起来表示从事武器生产等业务的公司。overlay [ˈəʊvəleɪ] :名词,原意为 “覆盖物;叠加物”,这里引申为 “叠加因素;影响因素”,表示除了已提到的情况外的另一个影响对事件判断的因素。proverbial [prəˈvɜːbiəl] :形容词,意思是 “众所周知的;(常与某些名词连用)有名的” ,“the proverbial fog of war” 中 “proverbial” 修饰 “fog of war”,表示大家都熟知的 “战争迷雾” 这一概念。feedback [ˈfiːdbæk] :名词,“反馈;反馈信息”,指美国武器公司得到的关于其产品在战争中表现的相关信息。as advertised :词组,“如宣传的那样”,用来描述 PL-15 导弹的实际性能是否和对外宣传的性能一致。seeker [ˈsiːkə(r)] :名词,在军事领域指 “(导弹的)导引头”,即引导导弹飞向目标的部件;也有 “探寻者;追求者” 的意思,这里取军事领域含义。conflicting [kənˈflɪktɪng] :形容词,“相互矛盾的;冲突的;不一致的”,用于形容关于巴基斯坦拥有的 PL-15 版本的不同报道之间存在矛盾。

Barrie, who has written extensively on the missile, said he believed that Pakistan most likely has the export version.

A Western industry source dismissedclaims that the rocket-powered PL-15 had longer range than the air-breathing Meteor but acknowledged that its capability "may be greater than was thought." The Meteor's range has not been officially published. "At the moment it's not possible to judge anything. We know so little," the industry source said.

The PL-15's range and performance have been a focus of Western interest for years. Its emergence was seen as one of many signals that China had moved well beyond reliance on Soviet-era derivative technology. The United States is developing the AIM-260 Joint Advanced Tactical Missile via Lockheed Martin (LMT.N), opens new tab partly in response to the PL-15 and its beyond-visual-range performance - part of a broader reset of Western priorities toward China.

European nations are exploring a mid-life upgrade for Meteor, which specialist publication Janes says could involve propulsion and guidance, but analysts say progress has been slow.

U.S. President Donald Trump in March awarded Boeing (BA.N), opens new tab the contract to build the U.S. Air Force's most sophisticated fighter jet yet, which would likely include stealth, advanced sensors and cutting-edge engines.

4.1 翻译

巴里曾大量撰写过关于这款导弹的文章,他表示,自己认为巴基斯坦极有可能拥有的是出口版本。

一位西方业内消息人士驳回了有关采用火箭动力的 PL-15 射程比吸气式的 “流星” 更远的说法,但也承认其性能 “可能比人们想象的更强大”。“流星” 的射程尚未正式公布。这位业内消息人士称:“目前还无法对任何情况作出判断。我们了解得太少了。”

多年来,PL-15 的射程和性能一直是西方关注的焦点。它的出现被视为中国已远远不再依赖苏联时代衍生技术的众多标志之一。

美国正通过洛克希德・马丁公司(LMT.N)研发 AIM-260 联合先进战术导弹,部分原因是为了应对 PL-15 及其超视距性能 —— 这是西方对中国的优先事务进行更广泛调整的一部分。

欧洲国家正在探索对 “流星” 导弹进行中期升级,专业刊物《简氏防务周刊》称,升级可能涉及推进系统和制导系统,但分析人士表示进展缓慢。

美国总统唐纳德・特朗普在 3 月份授予波音公司(BA.N)一份合同,让其建造美国空军迄今为止最精密复杂的战斗机,这款战斗机可能会具备隐身能力、先进的传感器和尖端的发动机。

4.2 重点详解

extensively [ɪkˈstensɪvli]:副词,意为 “大量地;广泛地”,文中指巴里大量地撰写关于导弹的文章,强调其研究和写作的范围广。dismiss [dɪsˈmɪs]:动词,“驳回;不接受;解雇;解散”,这里指业内消息人士不认可关于 PL-15 射程比 “流星” 更远的观点。acknowledged [əkˈnɒlɪdʒd]:动词 acknowledge 的过去式和过去分词,“承认;认可;告知收到” ,文中表示承认 PL-15 的能力比想象的强。derivative [dɪˈrɪvətɪv]:形容词,“衍生的;派生的” ,“Soviet-era derivative technology” 指苏联时代的衍生技术。in response to:词组,“回应;应对”,美国研发新导弹部分是为了应对 PL-15 及其性能。mid-life:合成词,“中期的;中年的” ,“mid-life upgrade” 指对 “流星” 导弹进行的中期升级。propulsion [prəˈpʌlʃən]:名词,“推进;推进力;推进系统” ,导弹升级中涉及到推进系统方面。sophisticated [səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd]:形容词,“精密的;复杂的;先进的;富有经验的” ,形容战斗机技术先进、复杂。cutting-edge:形容词,“尖端的;前沿的;先进的” ,用于描述发动机处于技术前沿,很先进。

来源:英语杂货铺

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