摘要:When you compare cats with dogs, their behaviors differ significantly. (对比猫和狗时,行为差异明显)
compare to 强调相似性(比喻或类比) 不同类事物的共性 Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.
(将世界比作舞台,突出相似性)
compare with 强调对比差异或相似(分析性比较) 同类事物的异同分析 Compare the new model with the old one.
(新旧模型对比分析性能差异)
详细用法解析
1. Compare to(比喻性比较)
功能:将看似不同的事物进行类比,突出相似性或诗意的联系。
常见场景:
文学修辞(明喻/隐喻)
抽象概念的具体化表达
例句:
Life is often compared to a marathon. (生活常被比作马拉松,强调相似性)
Her voice was compared to the sound of spring water. (声音如同泉水般清澈,诗意比喻)
2. Compare with(分析性比较)
功能:系统对比两个同类事物的异同,强调客观分析。
常见场景:
科学研究或数据分析
产品性能对比
例句:
Compare the budget with actual expenses. (将预算与实际开支对比,分析差异)
When you compare cats with dogs, their behaviors differ significantly. (对比猫和狗时,行为差异明显)
特殊注意事项
被动语态中的通用性:
被动句中两者可能互换,但含义略有差异:
“The brain is compared to a computer.”(比喻功能相似)
“The data was compared with earlier studies.”(分析异同)
固定搭配:
“Compared to/with” 引导状语时,区别可能模糊,但需注意逻辑:
Compared to his brother, he is taller. (与兄弟相比,他更高——可能隐含“不同类比较”)
Compared with last year, sales increased by 20%. (与去年对比,增长20%——同类分析)
学术写作中的偏好:
正式文献倾向于用 “compare with” 表示详细对比:
“The results were compared with those from the control group.” (对照组结果对比)
常见错误纠正
❌ 错误:“We compared the results to the standard values.”
✅ 正确(分析差异):“We compared the results with the standard values.”
❌ 错误:“His courage was compared with a lion.”
✅ 正确(比喻相似):“His courage was compared to a lion’s.”
记忆技巧
“To” 像桥梁连接不同事物(类比) → “Life to a journey”
“With” 像天平两端对比同类 → “Phone A with Phone B”
来源:涵柏教育