摘要：But Kim, the 41-year-old dictator, has a quality problem. Hisall-in beton nuclear weapons left other aspects of the country’s mili
1.原文
为何金正恩无法接受其战舰遭遇失败
新驱逐舰的倾覆凸显了朝鲜国防领域的差距，而金正恩正急于弥补这一差距
Why Kim Jong Un Can’t Accept Failure With His Warships
Capsize of new destroyer highlights gap in North Korean defense that Kim is rushing to resolve
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SEOUL—The North Korean navy’s botched launch of a brand-new destroyer this week revealed a key vulnerability for leader Kim Jong Un: His massive military is woefully equipped.
By the numbers, Pyongyang boasts one of the world’s largest standing armies and a giant naval fleet and air force. It has a sophisticated missile arsenal and nuclear weapons that pose a credible threat to the U.S. and South Korea.
But Kim, the 41-year-old dictator, has a quality problem. His all-in bet on nuclear weapons left other aspects of the country’s military undeveloped. North Korea’s jets, tanks and ships are inoperable, outdated or defensive, weapons experts say. That leaves his prized arsenal potentially exposed as neighboring South Korea and Japan acquire weapons systems that can strike before a potential North Korean attack.
As a consequence, Kim is rushing to modernize his military hardware. In late April, speaking at the unveiling of the country’s first modernized destroyer, he outlined his naval ambitions. He wants more warships, cruisers, escort ships and multi-mission destroyers that can venture into waters far from the homeland, he told officials and workers at a North Korean shipyard.
“In the shortest time possible,” Kim said.
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1.1 翻译
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首尔 —— 朝鲜海军本周一次搞砸了的全新驱逐舰下水行动，暴露了领导人金正恩的一个关键弱点：其庞大的军队装备糟糕透顶。
从数据上看，平壤拥有世界上规模最大的常备军之一，以及庞大的海军舰队和空军。它拥有先进的导弹库和核武器，对美国和韩国构成可信的威胁。
但这位 41 岁的独裁者面临着质量问题。他对核武器的孤注一掷，导致该国军队的其他方面未能发展。武器专家称，朝鲜的喷气式飞机、坦克和舰艇要么无法操作，要么过时，要么属于防御性武器。这使得他珍视的武器库可能面临风险 —— 因为邻国韩国和日本正在采购能够在朝鲜潜在攻击前先发制人的武器系统。
因此，金正恩正急于实现其军事装备现代化。4 月下旬，在该国首艘现代化驱逐舰的揭幕仪式上，他阐述了自己的海军雄心。他对朝鲜一家造船厂的官员和工人说，他希望拥有更多能够远航至远离本土海域的军舰、巡洋舰、护卫舰和多任务驱逐舰。
“在最短时间内，” 金正恩说。
1.2 重点详解
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botched /bɒtʃt/形容词，意为 “搞砸的；拙劣的”，强调因失误或能力不足导致某事未达预期效果。用法：通常作定语修饰名词（如 botched attempt/plan），或作表语（如 The operation was botched）。woefully /ˈwəʊfəli/副词，意为 “可悲地；严重地”，用于强调程度极深的不足或缺陷。用法：修饰形容词或动词，如 woefully inadequate（极其不足的）、woefully unprepared（准备严重不足）。sophisticated /səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd/形容词，意为 “精密的；复杂的”，指技术、设备等先进或成熟。用法：可修饰科技产品、系统等（如 sophisticated technology），也可形容人 “世故的”。credible /ˈkredəbl/形容词，意为 “可信的；可靠的”，指能够令人信服的。用法：常作定语（如 credible witness）或表语（如 The theory is credible），反义词为 incredible。all-in bet名词短语，意为 “孤注一掷”，指将全部资源投入某一特定领域或目标。用法：源于赌博术语，比喻在某件事上倾注全部心血或资本，如 an all-in bet on renewable energy。inoperable /ɪnˈɒpərəbl/形容词，意为 “无法操作的；不能运行的”，指设备、机器等因故障或老化无法使用。用法：修饰无生命物体，如 inoperable machinery（无法运转的机器）、inoperable weapons（无法使用的武器）。outdated /ˌaʊtˈdeɪtɪd/形容词，意为 “过时的；陈旧的”，指不符合现代标准或已被淘汰。用法：可修饰技术、观念等（如 outdated technology），近义词为 old-fashioned。rushing to动词短语，意为 “急于做某事；匆忙进行”，强调行动的紧迫性。用法：后接动词原形（如 rush to complete a project），也可用于被动语态（如 be rushed to do）。unveiling /ʌnˈveɪlɪŋ/名词，意为 “揭幕；公布”，指首次公开某物（如新产品、计划等）。用法：常见搭配为 the unveiling of sth.，如 the unveiling of a new policy（新政策的公布）。2.原文
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The potential drawbacks of Kim’s urgency burst into the public eye when the country’s 5,000-ton destroyer capsized during its launch off a shipway on Wednesday in a “serious accident,” according to North Korean state media. A spokesman for South Korea’s Joint Chiefs of Staff said the vessel was toppled over in the sea after the failed launch.
Kim, who witnessed the mishap, called it intolerable and akin to a criminal act. North Korea said Friday that it had started an investigation and that repairs would take about two weeks.
In one of the world’s most information-repressed societies, the public admission of failure underscored how essential Kim sees naval advances. He repeatedly emphasizes maritime sovereignty as a means to protect North Korea’s national interests.
North Korea’s navy has been considered little more than a coastal defense force, despite having, according to a South Korean military assessment, around 60,000 personnel, more than 420 combatant ships and 70 submarines.
The North Korean navy’s capacity for deep-sea operations is limited, with aging vessels and outdated weapons systems. The launch of a second large, modernized warship this week was intended to mark another momentous departure from the Soviet-era vessels that dominate North Korea’s navy.
2.1 翻译
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据朝鲜官方媒体报道，周三，该国一艘 5000 吨级驱逐舰在船台下水时发生 “严重事故” 并倾覆，这让金正恩（Kim）的急切所带来的潜在弊端暴露在公众视野中。韩国联合参谋本部的一名发言人表示，这艘舰艇在发射失败后坠入海中。
目睹了这一事故的金正恩称其 “不可容忍”，并认为这类似于一种犯罪行为。朝鲜周五表示已展开调查，修复工作预计需要约两周时间。
在这个世界上信息管控最严格的社会之一，公开承认失败凸显了金正恩对海军发展的重视程度。他反复强调海洋主权是保护朝鲜国家利益的手段。
根据韩国军方的评估，尽管朝鲜海军拥有约 6 万名人员、420 多艘作战舰艇和 70 艘潜艇，但其一直被认为不过是一支沿海防御力量。
朝鲜海军的深海作战能力有限，舰艇老化、武器系统过时。本周下水的第二艘大型现代化战舰，原本旨在标志着朝鲜海军从主导其舰队的苏式舰艇中实现又一重大突破。
2.2 重点详解
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drawbacks /ˈdrɔːbæks/含义：n. 缺点；弊端（复数形式）用法：指事物本身存在的负面因素或潜在问题，常用于讨论计划、政策或行动的不利影响。例：The plan has many drawbacks, such as high cost and low efficiency.urgency /ˈɜːrdʒənsi/含义：n. 紧急；急切用法：强调某事需要立即处理的紧迫性，或某人对某事的急切态度。例：The urgency of climate change requires global cooperation.capsized /kæpˈsaɪzd/含义：v.（船）倾覆（过去式 / 过去分词）用法：特指船只或其他漂浮物因失衡而翻倒。例：The boat capsized in the storm, and all crew members were rescued.shipway /ˈʃɪpweɪ/含义：n. 船台；造船滑道用法：指用于建造、维修或下水船只的倾斜轨道或平台。例：The new cruiser was launched from the shipway early in the morning.toppled over /ˈtɒpld ˈəʊvər/含义：phr. 倾倒；翻倒用法：强调因重心不稳或外力作用而倒下，可用于物体或人。例：The vase toppled over when the cat jumped on the table.mishap /ˈmɪshæp/含义：n. 不幸事故；灾祸用法：指意外发生的小事故或不幸事件，语气较正式。例：Despite a few minor mishaps, the event was a great success.intolerable /ɪnˈtɒlərəbl/含义：adj. 无法容忍的；难以忍受的用法：形容某事令人无法接受或难以承受。例：The heat in the room was intolerable, so we turned on the air conditioner.akin to /əˈkɪn tu/含义：phr. 类似于；近似于用法：用于比较两件事物的相似性，强调非完全相同但有显著共同点。例：His behavior was akin to betrayal, which hurt their friendship deeply.repressed /rɪˈprest/含义：adj. 压抑的；受压制的用法：指思想、情感或信息被强制控制或抑制。例：In repressed societies, free speech is often restricted.underscored /ˌʌndərˈskɔːrd/含义：v. 强调；突出（过去式 / 过去分词）用法：通过行动或语言使某事物显得更重要或更明显。例：The report underscored the need for stricter environmental regulations.aging /ˈeɪdʒɪŋ/含义：adj. 老化的；陈旧的用法：形容物体因使用时间长而性能下降或外观陈旧。例：The company needs to replace its aging equipment.momentous /moʊˈmentəs/含义：adj. 重大的；关键的用法：指事件或决定具有深远影响或重要意义。例：The signing of the peace treaty was a momentous occasion in history.3.原文
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Kim said in his April speech that the other destroyer, which had a successful unveiling, had represented a starting point toward building an advanced maritime power. The “Choe Hyon-class” warship, named after a former North Korean guerrilla fighter, measures roughly 470 feet long, about half the size of the USS Gerald R. Ford, one of the largest warships in the world.
The North Korean ship is equipped with modern weapons systems, such as vertical launch system cells for surface-to-air missiles and cruise missiles, according to an analysis by the Washington, D.C.-based Center for Strategic and International Studies.
Pyongyang has long-range weapons that can reach the U.S. mainland, carried out the world’s only nuclear tests this century and has supplied Russia with ballistic missiles used in combat.
But becoming a threat at sea could rework the fundamentals of North Korean deterrence for Seoul, Tokyo and Washington.
Having warships able to fire missiles would grant the Kim regime “second strike” capabilities to complement its land-based weaponry. Possessing a fleet of warships would be required for North Korea to present a persistent threat in the sea and to launch counterstrikes.
3.1 翻译
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金正恩在 4 月的讲话中表示，另一艘成功亮相的驱逐舰代表着建设先进海洋强国的起点。这艘以朝鲜前游击队员命名的 "崔贤级" 战舰长约 470 英尺，约为世界上最大的战舰之一 "杰拉尔德・R・福特" 号航空母舰的一半大小。
总部位于华盛顿特区的战略与国际研究中心的分析显示，这艘朝鲜舰艇配备了现代武器系统，如用于地对空导弹和巡航导弹的垂直发射系统单元。
平壤拥有可抵达美国本土的远程武器，进行了本世纪全球唯一的核试验，并向俄罗斯提供了用于实战的弹道导弹。
但成为海上威胁可能会改变朝鲜对首尔、东京和华盛顿的威慑基础。
拥有能够发射导弹的战舰将使金正恩政权获得 "二次打击" 能力，以补充其陆基武器。朝鲜要在海上构成持续威胁并发动反击，需拥有一支战舰舰队。
3.2 重点详解
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含义：n. 揭幕；亮相；首次公开用法：指新事物（如产品、建筑、计划等）的首次公开展示或宣布。例：The company’s new electric car will have its unveiling at next month’s auto show.guerrilla fighter /ɡəˈrɪlə ˈfaɪtər/含义：n. 游击队员用法：指参与游击战（小规模、分散性武装斗争）的战士。例：Guerrilla fighters often use hit-and-run tactics in mountainous areas.equipped with /ɪˈkwɪpt wɪð/含义：phr. 配备；装有用法：表示某物或某人配备了特定的工具、设备或能力。例：The laboratory is equipped with the latest scientific instruments.vertical launch system /ˈvɜːrtɪkl lɔːntʃ ˈsɪstəm/含义：n. 垂直发射系统用法：军事术语，指通过垂直方向发射导弹的装置，具有反应速度快、发射效率高的特点。例：Modern warships often use vertical launch systems for anti-aircraft and anti-ship missiles.carried out /ˈkærid aʊt/含义：phr. 实施；执行；进行用法：强调完成某一行动、计划或任务，后接具体的活动或事件。例：The team carried out a series of experiments to test the hypothesis.supplied /səˈplaɪd/含义：v. 提供；供给（过去式 / 过去分词）用法：指为他人提供所需的物品、资源或支持，常与介词 with 搭配。例：The company supplied raw materials to local factories during the pandemic.rework /ˌriːˈwɜːrk/含义：v. 重新设计；改造；调整用法：指对原有事物进行修改或重新构建，以适应新需求或改善效果。例：The committee decided to rework the budget plan to reduce unnecessary expenses.deterrence /dɪˈterəns/含义：n. 威慑；遏制用法：指通过武力、影响力等使对方不敢采取行动的策略。例：Nuclear deterrence has been a key element of international security for decades.complement /ˈkɑːmplɪment/含义：v. 补充；补足用法：指通过添加其他事物使整体更加完善或增强效果，注意与 comply（遵守）区分。例：The new policy complements existing measures to combat climate change.persistent /pərˈsɪstənt/含义：adj. 持续的；持久的用法：形容长时间持续存在或反复出现的事物，可用于形容问题、状态或人。例：The country has struggled with persistent poverty and unemployment for years.4.原文
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To further rival the U.S. and South Korea at sea, Pyongyang would also need assets such as nuclear-powered submarines that can evade detection and travel long distances, weapons analysts say. Hard-to-detect submarines could drain the surveillance resources of its foes and enable North Korea to shorten the strike distance to the U.S. mainland. But making them is challenging, even for the U.S.
Kim did recently visit a shipyard to observe work on the country’s nuclear-powered submarine—one of his top military priorities. But North Korea is at least a decade away from actually being able to deploy it, said Lee Sang-kyu, who heads nuclear security research at the Korea Institute for Defense Analyses in Seoul. And the crash Wednesday adds a delay to the timeline to test and equip the new warship, Lee said.
“Contending with the North Korean navy in isolation doesn’t worry me, but they have the means to be a distraction at an inopportune moment with China,” said Tom Karako, the director of the Missile Defense Project at CSIS.
Kim’s naval aspirations benefit from his military bonds with Moscow, which are expected to grow stronger after Kim provided Russia with North Korean troops for its war in Ukraine. The Choe Hyon-class destroyer carries a Russian air-defense system, military analysts said. South Korea’s military said Russia may have given help in the development of the vessel, without specifying how.
“By showcasing the naval vessels despite limited operational capabilities, North Korea is signaling intention to focus on bolstering offensive maritime capabilities,” said Hong Min, a senior research fellow at the Korea Institute for National Unification, a government-funded think tank.
4.1 翻译
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武器分析人士称，为了在海上进一步与美国和韩国竞争，平壤还需要核动力潜艇等资产，这类潜艇能够躲避探测并长途航行。难以探测的潜艇可能会消耗其对手的监视资源，并使朝鲜能够缩短打击美国本土的距离。但即使对美国来说，制造这类潜艇也具有挑战性。
金正恩最近确实访问了一家造船厂，视察该国核动力潜艇的工作 —— 这是他的首要军事优先事项之一。首尔韩国国防分析研究所核安全研究负责人李相圭（Lee Sang-kyu）表示，朝鲜实际部署该潜艇至少还需要十年时间。李说，周三的事故还推迟了测试和装备新战舰的时间表。
“孤立地应对朝鲜海军并不让我担心，但他们有办法在不合时宜的时刻与中国一起制造干扰，” 战略与国际研究中心（CSIS）导弹防御项目主任汤姆・卡拉科（Tom Karako）表示。
金正恩的海军野心得益于他与莫斯科的军事联系，在金正恩向俄罗斯提供朝鲜军队用于乌克兰战争后，这种联系预计会更加紧密。军事分析人士称，“崔贤级” 驱逐舰搭载了俄罗斯的防空系统。韩国军方表示，俄罗斯可能在该舰的研发中提供了帮助，但未具体说明方式。
“尽管作战能力有限，但朝鲜通过展示海军舰艇，释放了专注于加强海上进攻能力的意图，” 政府资助的智库韩国统一研究院高级研究员洪敏（Hong Min）表示。
4.2 重点详解
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rival /ˈraɪvl/含义：v. 竞争；对抗用法：指在实力、地位等方面与他人或团体竞争，可接介词 with 或直接接宾语。例：The new company aims to rival established brands in the market.assets /ˈæsets/含义：n. 资产；有用的资源（复数形式）用法：指对个人、组织或国家有价值的事物，可指军事装备、人才等。例：Technology and skilled workers are key assets for economic growth.evade detection /ɪˈveɪd dɪˈtekʃn/含义：phr. 躲避探测用法：指通过隐蔽、伪装等方式避免被雷达、卫星等监测设备发现。例：Stealth aircraft are designed to evade detection by enemy radar.hard-to-detect /ˌhɑːrd tu dɪˈtekt/含义：adj. 难以探测的用法：合成形容词，强调某物难以被察觉或监测，中间用连字符连接。例：The new drone is equipped with materials that make it hard-to-detect.drain /dreɪn/含义：v. 消耗；耗尽用法：指逐渐消耗资源、精力等，常与 of 搭配。例：Long-term stress can drain your physical and mental energy.challenging /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/含义：adj. 具有挑战性的用法：形容任务、问题等需要大量努力或技能才能完成。例：Climbing the highest mountain in the region is physically challenging.shipyard /ˈʃɪpyɑːrd/含义：n. 造船厂；修船厂用法：指建造、维修船只的场所。例：The old shipyard has been converted into a commercial complex.priorities /praɪˈɔːrətiz/含义：n. 优先事项（复数形式）用法：指需要优先处理或重视的事情。例：Education and healthcare are top priorities for the new government.deploy /dɪˈplɔɪ/含义：v. 部署；调度用法：指将军队、设备等安排到特定位置以执行任务。例：The army will deploy additional troops to the border.delay /dɪˈleɪ/含义：n./v. 延迟；推迟用法：作名词时指时间上的拖延，作动词时常接名词或动名词。例：The project was delayed due to bad weather.distraction /dɪˈstrækʃn/含义：n. 干扰；分心的事物用法：指使人分心或分散注意力的事物。例：Noise from the street was a major distraction during the exam.bonds /bɑːndz/含义：n. 纽带；联系（复数形式）用法：指人与人、国家与国家之间的紧密关系。例：Cultural exchanges can strengthen the bonds between nations.troops /truːps/含义：n. 军队；士兵（复数形式）用法：指成建制的部队或士兵群体。例：The country has deployed troops along the disputed border.specifying /ˈspesɪfaɪɪŋ/含义：v. 具体说明；详述（现在分词形式）用法：指明确阐述细节或要求。例：The report mentions the problem but doesn’t go into specifying solutions.bolstering /ˈboʊlstərɪŋ/含义：v. 加强；巩固（现在分词形式）用法：指增强某事物的力量、地位或效果。例：The government is bolstering security measures ahead of the event.来源：英语杂货铺
