摘要：上海美国商会9月10日发布的最新年度调查显示，许多在华运营的美国企业预计，今年其销售额将因美国总统唐纳德·特朗普加征的关税，以及中国的反制措施而受到冲击。
美联社北京2025年9月10日电，上海美国商会9月10日发布的最新年度调查显示，许多在华运营的美国企业预计，今年其销售额将因美国总统唐纳德·特朗普加征的关税，以及中国的反制措施而受到冲击。
在254家参与调查的企业中，近三分之二表示，新关税已导致其2025年在华业务的预期收入下降。约三分之一的企业（其中不少来自银行业及其他不与美国发生进出口往来的行业）则认为关税不会对自身产生影响。
此前，特朗普曾一度将中国输美商品关税提高至145%；今年5月，中美两国同意缓和针锋相对的关税战后，特朗普仍对中国输美商品额外加征30%关税。作为回应，中国对美国输华商品征收10%关税。
苹果首席执行官访问中国组装苹果的工厂
上海美国商会负责人表示，关税对两类企业冲击最大：一类是向美国出口商品的企业，另一类是在华生产过程中需要进口美国零部件或原材料的企业，如化工等企业。
该商会会长郑艺（Eric Zheng）表示：“关税对我们的运营产生了巨大影响。”
中美双方正在进行贸易谈判，但在关税及其他议题上的谈判方向尚不明确。郑艺指出，这种不确定性对需要制定未来规划的企业而言是一项挑战。
美国一上诉法院已裁定，特朗普动用美国紧急权力法出台的大部分关税属于非法，但由于特朗普政府已就该案向最高法院提起上诉，相关进口关税目前仍在实施。
上海美国商会的这项调查于5月19日至6月20日期间开展，结果显示制造业企业受关税冲击最为严重：近四分之三的制造业受访企业表示，特朗普发起的关税战将导致其2025年在华收入下降。
受访企业将中美关系紧张列为未来三至五年面临的首要挑战。郑艺表示，改善双边关系是“我们的首要诉求”。
中美两国首席贸易谈判代表已进行三轮谈判
Trump’s tariffs seen cutting into China sales of US companies, survey finds. BEIJING (AP). September 10, 2025.
Many U.S. companies operating in China expect their sales to take a hit this year from U.S. President Donald Trump’s tariffs and the ones that China has imposed in response, according to an annual survey released Wednesday by the American chamber of Commerce in Shanghai.
Nearly two-thirds of the 254 companies who responded said the new tariffs have reduced expected revenues for their China operations in 2025. About one-third, many in banking and other industries that don’t import from or export to the U.S., don’t expect any impact.
Trump has imposed an additional 30% tax on imports from China, after raising them at one point to 145% before the two countries agreed in May to scale back a tit-for-tat tariff war. China has responded with a 10% tax on U.S. imports.
The tariffs hit companies that export to the U.S. and those that import American parts or ingredients for their production in China, such as chemical companies, Shanghai chamber leaders said.
“Tariffs have had a huge impact on our operations,” said Eric Zheng, the president of the group.
The two sides are holding trade talks, but where they are headed on tariffs and other issues is unclear. The uncertainty is a challenge for companies that need to make plans for the future, Zheng said.
American courts have ruled that most of Trump’s tariffs are an illegal use of a U.S. emergency powers law, but the import taxes remain in place as his administration appeals the case to the Supreme Court.
The Shanghai chamber survey, conducted from May 19 to June 20, found that manufacturers are being hit the hardest by the tariffs, with close to three-quarters saying the import taxes would reduce their 2025 China revenues.
Respondents named U.S.-China tensions as their top challenge for the next three to five years. Zheng called improving the bilateral relationship “our No. 1 ask.”
来源：读行品世事一点号
