摘要:疑问词是用来引导特殊疑问句的核心词汇,主要用于询问时间、地点、人物、原因、方式等不同维度的信息。以下是小升初阶段常考的15种疑问词,包含用法详解及双语例句。
小升初英语15种疑问词用法详解及双语例句
疑问词是用来引导特殊疑问句的核心词汇,主要用于询问时间、地点、人物、原因、方式等不同维度的信息。以下是小升初阶段常考的15种疑问词,包含用法详解及双语例句。
1. What(什么)
- 用法:询问事物、职业、内容、身份等,是使用最广泛的疑问词,可单独引导问句,也可搭配名词(如what color, what time)。
- 例句:
1. What is this?(这是什么?)It is a book.(这是一本书。)
2. What does your father do?(你爸爸是做什么的?)He is a doctor.(他是一名医生。)
3. What do you have for breakfast?(你早餐吃什么?)I have bread and milk.(我吃面包和牛奶。)
4. What color is your bag?(你的书包是什么颜色?)It is blue.(是蓝色的。)
5. What time does school start?(学校几点开始上课?)It starts at 8 o'clock.(8点开始。)
2. Who(谁)
- 用法:询问人的身份、姓名或关系,在句中可作主语或宾语(作宾语时口语中可省略whom,用who代替)。
- 例句:
1. Who is that girl?(那个女孩是谁?)She is my sister.(她是我妹妹。)
2. Who teaches you English?(谁教你英语?)Miss Wang teaches me English.(王老师教我英语。)
3. Who did you go to the park with?(你和谁去的公园?)I went with my friend.(我和朋友去的。)
4. Who will come to the party?(谁会来参加派对?)My classmates will come.(我的同学会来。)
5. Who helped you with your homework?(谁帮你做的作业?)My brother helped me.(我哥哥帮我的。)
3. Whom(谁)
- 用法:专门用于询问人,且在句中作宾语,是who的宾格形式,正式场合使用较多,口语中常用who代替。
- 例句:
1. Whom are you talking to?(你在和谁说话?)I am talking to my teacher.(我在和老师说话。)
2. Whom did you meet yesterday?(你昨天见到谁了?)I met my old friend.(我见到了我的老朋友。)
3. Whom should I ask for help?(我应该向谁求助?)You should ask Mr. Li.(你应该问李老师。)
4. Whom does this gift belong to?(这个礼物属于谁?)It belongs to my mother.(它属于我妈妈。)
5. Whom will you invite to your birthday dinner?(你会邀请谁来你的生日晚餐?)I will invite my family.(我会邀请我的家人。)
4. Whose(谁的)
- 用法:询问物品的归属,即“某物属于谁”,后接名词,也可单独使用(后接名词的情况更常见)。
- 例句:
1. Whose pen is this?(这是谁的钢笔?)It is Tom's.(这是汤姆的。)
2. Whose bag is on the desk?(桌子上是谁的书包?)It is Lucy's bag.(是露西的书包。)
3. Whose dog is running in the park?(在公园里跑的是谁的狗?)It is my neighbor's dog.(是我邻居的狗。)
4. Whose books are these on the shelf?(书架上这些是谁的书?)They are my brother's books.(是我哥哥的书。)
5. Whose umbrella did you take by mistake?(你误拿了谁的伞?)I took Mary's umbrella.(我拿了玛丽的伞。)
5. Which(哪一个/哪一些)
- 用法:用于在特定范围内选择人或事物,后可接名词(单数或复数),也可单独使用,回答时需明确指出具体选项。
- 例句:
1. Which book do you like best?(你最喜欢哪一本书?)I like the red one best.(我最喜欢那本红色的。)
2. Which season do you prefer, spring or autumn?(你更喜欢哪个季节,春天还是秋天?)I prefer autumn.(我更喜欢秋天。)
3. Which pen is yours, the blue one or the black one?(哪支钢笔是你的,蓝色的还是黑色的?)The black one is mine.(黑色的是我的。)
4. Which students will go to the competition?(哪些学生要去参加比赛?)The top five students will go.(前五名学生要去。)
5. Which dress does your mother want to buy?(你妈妈想买哪一条裙子?)She wants to buy the pink one.(她想买那条粉色的。)
6. When(什么时候)
- 用法:询问时间,包括具体时间点、时间段、日期、年份等,回答时需用时间相关的表达(如at 3 pm, on Monday, in 2023)。
- 例句:
1. When will you go to Beijing?(你什么时候去北京?)I will go next week.(我下周去。)
2. When do you usually get up?(你通常什么时候起床?)I usually get up at 7 o'clock.(我通常7点起床。)
3. When was your birthday?(你的生日是什么时候?)My birthday was on June 1st.(我的生日是6月1日。)
4. When did you finish your homework?(你什么时候完成作业的?)I finished it at 8 pm.(我晚上8点完成的。)
5. When will the movie start?(电影什么时候开始?)It will start in 10 minutes.(10分钟后开始。)
7. Where(在哪里)
- 用法:询问地点或位置,包括具体地点、方位等,回答时需用地点名词或方位短语(如in the classroom, near the park)。
- 例句:
1. Where is your school?(你的学校在哪里?)It is near the supermarket.(在超市附近。)
2. Where did you go last weekend?(你上周末去了哪里?)I went to the zoo.(我去了动物园。)
3. Where do you live?(你住在哪里?)I live in Shanghai.(我住在上海。)
4. Where is my English book?(我的英语书在哪里?)It is on your desk.(在你的桌子上。)
5. Where will we have lunch today?(我们今天在哪里吃午饭?)We will have lunch in the restaurant.(我们在餐厅吃午饭。)
8. Why(为什么)
- 用法:询问原因或理由,回答时需用because(因为)引导原因状语从句,是表达因果关系的核心疑问词。
- 例句:
1. Why are you late for class?(你为什么上课迟到了?)Because I missed the bus.(因为我错过了公交车。)
2. Why do you like reading?(你为什么喜欢读书?)Because it can open my mind.(因为它能开阔我的眼界。)
3. Why is the sky blue?(天空为什么是蓝色的?)Because sunlight scatters in the atmosphere.(因为阳光在大气中发生了散射。)
4. Why did you cry yesterday?(你昨天为什么哭了?)Because I lost my new toy.(因为我弄丢了我的新玩具。)
5. Why do we need to study hard?(我们为什么需要努力学习?)Because it can help us achieve our dreams.(因为它能帮助我们实现梦想。)
9. How(怎样/如何)
- 用法:用途广泛,可询问方式、方法、程度、健康状况等,还可搭配形容词/副词(如how old, how tall)询问具体属性。
- 例句:
1. How do you go to school?(你怎样去学校?)I go to school by bike.(我骑自行车去学校。)
2. How are you today?(你今天好吗?)I am fine, thank you.(我很好,谢谢。)
3. How do you make a cake?(你怎样做蛋糕?)First, mix flour and eggs.(首先,把面粉和鸡蛋混合。)
4. How does this machine work?(这台机器怎样工作?)It works by electricity.(它靠电力工作。)
5. How did you solve this math problem?(你怎样解这道数学题的?)I used the formula my teacher taught.(我用了老师教的公式。)
10. How old(多大/几岁)
- 用法:专门用于询问年龄,后接be动词,主语为人,回答时直接用数字(+ years old,years old可省略)。
- 例句:
1. How old are you?(你多大了?)I am 12 years old.(我12岁了。)
2. How old is your grandfather?(你爷爷多大年纪了?)He is 70 years old.(他70岁了。)
3. How old is your little sister?(你妹妹几岁了?)She is 5.(她5岁了。)
4. How old was Tom last year?(汤姆去年多大?)He was 11 last year.(他去年11岁。)
5. How old is your pet dog?(你的宠物狗多大了?)It is 2 years old.(它2岁了。)
11. How tall(多高)
- 用法:询问人或物体的高度,回答时需用长度单位(如meter, centimeter,小升初阶段常用meter)。
- 例句:
1. How tall are you?(你多高?)I am 1.5 meters tall.(我1.5米高。)
2. How tall is your father?(你爸爸多高?)He is 1.8 meters tall.(他1.8米高。)
3. How tall is that tree?(那棵树多高?)It is 10 meters tall.(它10米高。)
4. How tall is the building?(那栋楼多高?)It is 20 meters tall.(它20米高。)
5. How tall is your desk?(你的桌子多高?)It is 0.8 meters tall.(它0.8米高。)
12. How long(多长/多久)
- 用法:有两种含义,一是询问物体的长度(回答用长度单位),二是询问时间的持续时长(回答用时间单位,如hour, day)。
- 例句:
1. How long is this ruler?(这把尺子多长?)It is 30 centimeters long.(它30厘米长。)
2. How long will you stay in Beijing?(你要在北京待多久?)I will stay for 5 days.(我要待5天。)
3. How long is the river?(这条河多长?)It is 500 kilometers long.(它500公里长。)
4. How long did you watch TV last night?(你昨晚看电视看了多久?)I watched for 1 hour.(我看了1小时。)
5. How long is the new road?(这条新路多长?)It is 2 kilometers long.(它2公里长。)
13. How far(多远)
- 用法:专门询问距离,即“从A地到B地有多远”,回答时需用距离单位(如kilometer, meter,小升初阶段常用kilometer)。
- 例句:
1. How far is your home from school?(你家离学校多远?)It is 2 kilometers far.(有2公里远。)
2. How far is the park from here?(公园离这儿多远?)It is 500 meters far.(有500米远。)
3. How far will you travel this summer?(你今年夏天要旅行多远?)I will travel 1000 kilometers.(我要旅行1000公里。)
4. How far is Beijing from Shanghai?(北京离上海多远?)It is about 1300 kilometers far.(大约1300公里远。)
5. How far is the supermarket from your home?(超市离你家多远?)It is 1 kilometer far.(1公里远。)
14. How many(多少)
- 用法:询问可数名词的数量,后接可数名词复数形式,回答时用具体数字(如three, five)。
- 例句:
1. How many books do you have?(你有多少本书?)I have 20 books.(我有20本书。)
2. How many students are there in your class?(你们班有多少名学生?)There are 45 students.(有45名学生。)
3. How many apples did you buy?(你买了多少个苹果?)I bought 10 apples.(我买了10个苹果。)
4. How many days are there in a week?(一周有多少天?)There are 7 days.(有7天。)
5. How many pens do you need?(你需要多少支钢笔?)I need 3 pens.(我需要3支钢笔。)
15. How much(多少/多少钱)
- 用法:有两种含义,一是询问不可数名词的数量(后接不可数名词),二是询问
来源:蒙古元素