摘要：在中华大地的历史长河中，祖国医学如一颗璀璨的明珠，闪耀着独特而持久的光芒。它诞生于农耕文明的土壤，在岁月的滋养下，逐渐形成了独具特色的理论体系和实践方法。然而，有人指出，祖国医学不可避免地带有农民的意识形态，这一观点犹如一颗投入平静湖面的石子，激起了层层涟漪。
在中华大地的历史长河中，祖国医学如一颗璀璨的明珠，闪耀着独特而持久的光芒。它诞生于农耕文明的土壤，在岁月的滋养下，逐渐形成了独具特色的理论体系和实践方法。然而，有人指出，祖国医学不可避免地带有农民的意识形态，这一观点犹如一颗投入平静湖面的石子，激起了层层涟漪。那么，农民属性究竟是什么？它与祖国医学之间又有着怎样千丝万缕的联系呢？让我们一同踏上这场探寻真相的奇妙之旅。
农民属性大揭秘：思维、行为与决策的三重奏
思维：重积累，怕流动——稳如老狗的“仓库思维”
农民，就像一群勤劳的“仓库管理员”，他们深知土地的馈赠来之不易，因此格外重视积累。每一粒粮食、每一棵果蔬，都是他们用汗水和心血换来的宝贝，必须小心翼翼地储存起来，以备不时之需。这种思维模式，让他们对流动充满了恐惧。就像一只守着宝藏的老狗，宁愿待在熟悉的角落，也不愿轻易踏出那片安全的领地。
在农村，我们常常能看到这样的场景：老人们会把吃不完的粮食晒干、储存，把旧衣服、旧家具精心保管，哪怕多年不用也舍不得扔掉。他们害怕一旦失去这些积累，生活就会陷入困境。据一项农村消费调查显示，超过 70%的农民家庭会将年收入的 30%以上用于储蓄，以应对未来的不确定性。这种重积累、怕流动的思维，深深地烙印在农民的骨子里。
行为：重苦干，怕博弈——埋头拉车的“老黄牛精神”
农民是典型的实干家，他们就像一群默默耕耘的老黄牛，不怕吃苦，不怕受累。每天天不亮就起床，扛着锄头下地干活，一直到天黑才回家。他们相信，只要自己肯努力，就一定能收获丰硕的果实。然而，他们却对博弈充满了畏惧。在他们看来，博弈就像是一场充满风险的赌博，稍有不慎就可能血本无归。
举个例子，在农村的集市上，农民卖农产品时，往往不敢轻易抬高价格，生怕顾客被其他摊位抢走。他们更愿意以薄利多销的方式，换取稳定的收入。而那些敢于和顾客讨价还价、进行价格博弈的商贩，在农民眼中往往是“精明过头”的人。这种重苦干、怕博弈的行为模式，让农民在市场竞争中常常处于被动地位。
决策：重安稳，怕变化——守着老窝的“恋家情结”
农民对安稳的追求，就像鸟儿对巢穴的眷恋。他们习惯了熟悉的土地、熟悉的生活方式，不愿意轻易改变。对于他们来说，变化意味着未知和风险，可能会打破他们辛苦建立起来的安稳生活。
在农村，很多年轻人外出打工后，最终还是会选择回到家乡。他们觉得，外面的世界虽然精彩，但充满了不确定性。而家乡，有熟悉的亲人、朋友，有稳定的土地和房子，这才是他们真正的归宿。据统计，超过 60%的外出务工农民在 40 岁以后会选择返乡定居。这种重安稳、怕变化的决策模式，让农民在面对社会变革时，往往显得有些保守和滞后。
祖国医学：农耕文明孕育的“智慧结晶”
祖国医学诞生于农耕文明的时代，那是一个与自然紧密相连、靠天吃饭的时代。农民们在长期的劳动实践中，积累了丰富的养生和治病经验，这些经验逐渐汇聚成了祖国医学的庞大体系。
在农耕社会，人们的生活节奏与自然节律息息相关。春天播种、夏天耕耘、秋天收获、冬天储藏，这种顺应自然的生活方式，也体现在了祖国医学的理论中。比如，中医强调“天人合一”，认为人体的生理病理变化与自然环境密切相关。春季属木，风邪易侵，人们容易出现感冒、过敏等疾病，此时中医会采用疏风解表的方法进行治疗；夏季属火，天气炎热，人们容易中暑、心烦，中医则会用清热解暑、清心安神的方剂来调理。
同时，农耕文明中的饮食文化也对祖国医学产生了深远影响。农民们以五谷杂粮为主食，搭配各种蔬菜和水果，这种饮食结构注重营养均衡，符合中医“五谷为养，五果为助，五畜为益，五菜为充”的养生理念。而且，农民们在日常生活中还会根据季节和体质的变化，选择不同的食物进行调养。比如，冬季寒冷，人们会多吃羊肉、生姜等温热性食物来驱寒；夏季炎热，人们会多吃西瓜、绿豆等清凉性食物来解暑。
农民属性与祖国医学的“亲密邂逅”
思维传承：积累与传承的“医学宝库”
祖国医学就像一个巨大的“医学宝库”，里面储存着无数代医家积累下来的经验和智慧。从《黄帝内经》到《伤寒杂病论》，从华佗的麻沸散到李时珍的《本草纲目》，这些医学典籍和治疗方法都是医家们长期积累、不断传承的结果。就像农民重视积累一样，祖国医学也强调对前人经验的继承和发展。
例如，在中医的方剂学中，许多经典方剂都是经过历代医家反复实践和验证后流传下来的。这些方剂就像农民储存的粮食一样，是中医治疗的宝贵财富。现代中医在临床实践中，仍然会借鉴这些经典方剂，并根据患者的具体情况进行加减化裁。据统计，在中医临床常用的方剂中，有超过 80%的方剂来源于古代医学典籍。这种对积累的重视，正是农民属性在祖国医学思维中的体现。
行为映射：苦干与实践的“医者仁心”
中医医家们就像农民一样，具有重苦干的精神。他们为了掌握中医的精髓，需要花费大量的时间和精力进行学习和实践。从背诵中医经典到跟师临床，从辨药采药到针灸推拿，每一个环节都需要医家们付出辛勤的努力。
古代名医孙思邈，一生致力于医学研究和实践，他走遍大江南北，收集民间药方，亲自尝试各种草药，历经数十年才完成了《千金方》这部医学巨著。他的这种苦干精神，与农民在田间地头辛勤劳作的精神如出一辙。而且，中医在治疗疾病时，也强调实践的重要性。医家们会根据患者的具体症状和体征，进行详细的诊断和治疗，就像农民根据土地的情况选择合适的种植方法一样。这种重苦干、重实践的行为模式，是农民属性在祖国医学行为中的生动映射。
决策考量：安稳与平衡的“养生之道”
祖国医学在决策方面，也体现了农民重安稳、怕变化的特点。中医强调“治未病”，注重预防和调养，希望通过平衡人体的阴阳气血，达到健康长寿的目的。这种养生理念就像农民守着自己的土地，希望保持稳定的收成一样，追求的是一种安稳、和谐的状态。
在日常生活中，中医会根据不同的季节、体质和年龄，制定相应的养生方案。比如，老年人身体机能下降，中医会建议他们适当运动、饮食清淡、保持心情舒畅，以维持身体的平衡；而年轻人精力旺盛，中医则会提醒他们不要过度劳累、注意节制，避免身体出现阴阳失调的情况。这种根据个体情况制定养生方案的决策模式，体现了中医对安稳和平衡的追求，与农民的决策属性不谋而合。
破局与新生：超越农民属性的“医学飞跃”
虽然祖国医学带有农民的意识形态，但这并不意味着它会一直停留在原地。在现代社会，祖国医学正面临着前所未有的机遇和挑战，它需要超越农民属性的局限，实现新的飞跃。
一方面，祖国医学可以借鉴现代科学的理念和方法，加强自身的科研和创新。比如，利用现代医学技术对中药的有效成分进行研究和分析，提高中药的质量和疗效；运用大数据和人工智能技术，对中医的诊断和治疗进行优化和改进。另一方面，祖国医学也需要加强与国际医学的交流和合作，吸收其他医学体系的优点和长处，拓宽自己的视野和思路。
同时，我们也要认识到，农民属性并不是完全消极的。它所蕴含的重积累、重苦干、重安稳的精神，也是祖国医学发展的宝贵财富。我们应该在继承和发扬这些优良传统的基础上，不断创新和发展，让祖国医学在新时代焕发出新的生机和活力。
祖国医学与农民属性之间有着千丝万缕的联系，这种联系既是历史的烙印，也是发展的契机。我们要以客观、理性的态度看待这种联系，既要看到其中的局限，也要发现其中的价值。让我们携手共进，为祖国医学的传承和发展贡献自己的力量，让这颗古老的医学明珠在新时代绽放出更加耀眼的光芒！
作者简介：梁世杰 中医高年资主治医师，本科学历，从事中医临床工作24年，积累了较丰富的临床经验。师从首都医科大学附属北京中医院肝病科主任医师、著名老中医陈勇，侍诊多载，深得器重，尽得真传！擅用“商汤经方分类疗法”、专病专方结合“焦树德学术思想”“关幼波十纲辨证”学术思想治疗疑难杂症为特色。现任北京树德堂中医研究院研究员，北京中医药薪火传承新3+3工程—焦树德门人（陈勇）传承工作站研究员，国际易联易学与养生专委会常务理事，中国中医药研究促进会焦树德学术传承专业委员会委员，中国药文化研究会中医药慢病防治分会首批癌症领域入库专家。荣获2020年中国中医药研究促进会仲景医学分会举办的第八届医圣仲景南阳论坛“经方名医”荣誉称号。2023年首届京津冀“扁鹊杯”燕赵医学研究主题征文优秀奖获得者。事迹入选《当代科学家》杂志、《中华英才》杂志。
Breaking the fog: an in-depth dialogue on the nature of motherland medicine and farmers
In the long history of the Chinese land, the motherland's medicine is like a shining pearl, shining with a unique and enduring glow. It was born in the soil of agricultural civilization, and under the years, gradually developed a unique theoretical system and practical methods. However, some have pointed out that indigenous medicine inevitably carries a peasant ideology, a view that stirs ripples like a pebble thrown into a calm lake. So what is the attribute of a farmer? How is it inextricably linked to native medicine? Let's embark on this wonderful journey to find the truth together.
What Farmers Are: A Triad of Thinking, Being, and Making Decisions
Thinking: Re-accumulation, fear of flow - stable as an old dog's "warehouse thinking."
Farmers, like a group of hardworking "warehouse keepers," knew that the gifts of land did not come easily, and therefore attached particular importance to accumulation. Every grain, every fruit and vegetable is a precious item they have traded for sweat and heart, and must be stored carefully for emergencies. This mindset makes them fearful of mobility. Like an old dog guarding a treasure, he prefers to stay in the familiar corner rather than easily step out of that safe territory.
In rural areas, we often see scenes of elderly people drying and storing endless grains, and keeping old clothes and furniture in care, even if they don't need them for years. They fear that once they lose these accumulations, life will get into trouble. According to a rural consumption survey, more than 70 percent of rural households will save more than 30 percent of their annual income to cope with the uncertainty ahead. This thinking of reaccumulation and fear of movement is deeply embedded in the bones of farmers.
Behavior: Toil and fear of games - the "old bull spirit" who buries his car
Farmers are typical doers. They are like a group of old cattle who work in silence, and are not afraid to suffer or be hurt. Every day I get up at noon and go down to work with my hoe until it's dark. They believe that if they are willing to work hard, they will yield fruitful results. However, they are afraid of gaming. In their view, gambling is like a risky gamble, and a slight indiscretion could cost them all their money.
For example, in rural markets, when farmers sell agricultural products, they often do not dare to raise prices easily, for fear that customers will be robbed by other stalls. They prefer to sell at a low profit in exchange for a steady income. And those vendors who dare to negotiate with customers and engage in price wars are often "too smart" in the eyes of farmers. This pattern of hard work and game-shy behavior often puts farmers in a passive position in market competition.
Decision-making: safety and security, fear of change - the "family complex" of staying at home
The peasant's quest for stability is like a bird's love for a nest. They are used to the familiar land and the familiar way of life and are not willing to change easily. For them, change means the unknown and the risks that could break the steady life they have worked so hard to build.
In rural areas, many young people will eventually choose to return to their hometown after going out to work. They felt that the world outside was wonderful, but full of uncertainty. In their hometown, there are familiar relatives, friends, and stable land and houses, which is where they really come from. According to statistics, more than 60% of migrant farmers will choose to return to their hometowns after the age of 40. This decision-making model, which values stability and fears change, makes farmers often seem conservative and lagging in the face of social change.
Native medicine: "crystallization of wisdom" fostered by agricultural civilization
Chinese medicine was born in the era of agrarian civilization, a time when it was closely connected with nature and relied on the heavens for food. In the long-term labor practice, farmers have accumulated a wealth of experience in healing and treating diseases, and these experiences gradually converge into a huge system of medicine in the motherland.
In agrarian society, people's rhythm of life is closely related to the natural rhythm. Sowing in the spring, farming in the summer, harvesting in the autumn, and storing in the winter, this lifestyle according to nature is also reflected in the theory of Chinese medicine. For example, traditional Chinese medicine emphasizes "the unity of nature and man," and believes that the physiological changes of the human body are closely related to the natural environment. Spring is a woody season, and the winds are easily invading, and people are prone to colds, allergies and other diseases. At this time, traditional Chinese medicine will use the methods of soothing the wind and relieving the symptoms. Summer is a hot season, and people are prone to heat stroke and irritation. Chinese medicine will use remedies to clear the heat and relieve the heat and calm the mind.
At the same time, the food culture in the farming civilization has also had a profound impact on the medicine of the motherland. Farmers use five grains as a staple diet, paired with various vegetables and fruits. This diet structure focuses on nutritional balance, consistent with the traditional Chinese philosophy of "five grains for maintenance, five fruits for assistance, five animals for benefits, and five vegetables for enrichment." Moreover, farmers in their daily lives also choose different foods to maintain according to the changes of the season and the physical condition. For example, when winter is cold, people will eat more warm foods such as lamb and ginger to cool off the cold. When the summer is hot, people will eat more cool foods such as watermelons and green beans to relieve the heat.
A "close encounter" between farmer attributes and native medicine
Transmission of thought: the "medical treasure" of accumulation and inheritance
The Chinese medicine is like a huge "medical treasure chest," containing the experience and wisdom accumulated by countless generations of medical practitioners. From Huang Di Nei Jing to Shang Han Za Bing Lun, from Hua Tuo's Ma Fei San (powder for anesthesia) to Li Shi Zhen's Ben Cao Gang Mu (Compendium of Materia Medica), these medical classics and therapies have been accumulated and passed down over a long period of time. Just as farmers value accumulation, indigenous medicine also emphasizes the inheritance and development of the experience of previous people.
For example, in the formulation of traditional Chinese medicine, many classical formulations have been passed down after repeated practice and verification by medical practitioners throughout the generations. These remedies, like the grains stored by farmers, are a valuable asset for traditional Chinese medicine. Modern Chinese medicine still draws on these classical remedies in clinical practice and makes additions and reductions according to the specific conditions of the patient. According to statistics, more than 80% of the prescriptions commonly used in Chinese medicine are derived from ancient medical texts. This emphasis on accumulation is precisely the expression of the peasant attribute in the medical thinking of the motherland.
Behavioral Mapping: The 'Doctor's Mercy' of Hard Work and Practice
Like farmers, traditional Chinese medicine practitioners have a spirit of hard work. In order to master the essence of traditional Chinese medicine, they need to spend a lot of time and energy on learning and practicing. From reciting traditional Chinese medicine to follow-up clinicians, from identifying and taking medication to acupuncture, each step requires the hard work of medical practitioners.
Sun Simian, a famous ancient healer, devoted his life to medical research and practice. He traveled all over the land and the country, collected folk prescriptions, and personally tried various herbs. It took decades to complete the great medical work "The thousand golden prescriptions." His spirit of hard work is identical to that of a peasant working hard in the fields. Moreover, when treating diseases, TCM also emphasizes the importance of practice. Medical practitioners make detailed diagnoses and treatments based on the specific signs and symptoms of the patient, just as farmers choose the right planting method based on conditions of the land. This pattern of hard work and practice is a vivid reflection of the attributes of farmers in the medical behavior of the motherland.
Decision Making Considerations: A Healthy and Balanced "Man's Health"
In the field of decision-making in the motherland, medicine also reflects the characteristics of farmers who want stability and fear change. Traditional Chinese medicine emphasizes preventive treatment of disease, focusing on prevention and recuperation. This concept of wellness is like farmers guarding their land and hoping to maintain a stable harvest, pursuing a state of stability and harmony.
In daily life, traditional Chinese medicine will formulate a corresponding regimen according to different seasons, physical conditions and ages. For example, when the physical function of the elderly declines, traditional Chinese medicine will advise them to exercise properly, eat lightly, and maintain a comfortable mood to maintain the balance of the body. While young people are energetic, traditional Chinese medicine will remind them not to overwork, pay attention to moderation, and avoid situations of yin and yang imbalance. This decision-making model for formulating a health care plan based on individual circumstances reflects the pursuit of stability and balance in traditional Chinese medicine and coincides with the decision-making attributes of farmers.
Breakdown and Rebirth: A "medical leap" beyond peasant attributes
While homegrown medicine carries a peasant ideology, that doesn't mean it will remain where it is. In modern society, indigenous medicine is facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges, and it needs to go beyond the limitations of peasant attributes and achieve new leaps.
On the one hand, the Chinese medicine can learn from the concepts and methods of modern science to strengthen its own research and innovation. For example, use modern medical technology to study and analyze the effective components of Chinese medicine to improve the quality and efficacy of Chinese medicine. Using big data and artificial intelligence technology, the diagnosis and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine is optimized and improved. On the other hand, Chinese medicine also needs to strengthen communication and cooperation with international medicine, absorb the advantages and strengths of other medical systems, and broaden its own vision and ideas.
At the same time, we should also recognize that farmer attributes are not entirely negative. The spirit of accumulating, working hard and maintaining stability embodied in it is also a valuable asset for the development of medicine in the motherland. On the basis of inheriting and promoting these fine traditions, we should continue to innovate and develop, so that the motherland's medicine will breathe new life and vitality in the new era.
There is a thousand-fold connection between medicine in the motherland and the nature of farmers, which is both a mark of history and an opportunity for development. We must look at this connection in an objective and rational manner, to see both its limitations and its value. Let us work together to contribute our strength to the inheritance and development of medicine in the motherland, so that this ancient pearl of medicine will shine even brighter in the new era!
Author Bio: Liang Shijie is a senior medical practitioner in traditional Chinese medicine with an undergraduate degree. He has been engaged in traditional medicine clinical work for 24 years and has accumulated a wealth of clinical experience. Following Chen Yong, chief physician of liver disease at Beijing Traditional Medicine Hospital, affiliated with Capital Medical University, and renowned old Chinese medicine, he has been treated for many years and received great attention. He specializes in the treatment of difficult diseases using "conversational traditional therapy" and special treatments combined with the academic ideas of Jiao Shude and Guan Yubo's ten-level diagnosis.He is currently a researcher at the Shude Tang TCM Research Institute in Beijing, a fellow at the new 3 + 3 project of traditional Chinese medicine flame inheritance in Beijing - a scholar at the inheritance workstation of Jiao Shude's protégés (Chen Yong),He is a standing committee member of the International Expert Committee on E-learning and Health Care, a member of the Jiao Shude Academic Heritage Special Committee of the Chinese Association for the Advancement of Chinese Medicine Research, and the first cancer specialist to be included in the chapter of the Chinese Pharmaceutical Culture Research Association. Won the 2020 China Association for the Promotion of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhongjing Medical Branch held the eighth session of the Medical Saint Zhongjing Nanyang Forum "Classic Prescription Famous Doctor" honorary title. The winner of the first Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei "Pingui Cup" Yanzhao Medical Research Essay Award in 2023. His work was featured in the journal Current Scientist and the journal Chinese Talent.
来源：首都专家梁世杰一点号
