摘要：通用术语Prefabricated dishes：最正式的表达，适用于学术或行业报告（如China Daily报道）。Prepared meals：美式英语常用，强调“已准备好的餐食”，涵盖超市预包装菜品。Pre-made meals：英式英语常用，侧重“预先
即热类（Ready-to-Heat）：Precooked dishes（已烹饪菜肴）、Frozen entrees（冷冻主菜）。例句：The precooked meals only require 10 minutes of stir-frying.
即烹类（Ready-to-Cook）：Semi-cooked food（半熟食品）、RTC Food（Ready-to-Cook Food）。例句：Ready-to-cook food provides convenience for home cooks.
即配类（Partially-Prepared）：Meal kits（食材套装）、Pre-portioned ingredients（预配食材）。例句：Meal kits provide pre-portioned ingredients with cooking instructions.便捷性相关Convenience（便捷性）：预制菜的核心优势。例句：The convenience of pre-made meals is unparalleled in a fast-paced society.Reduce food waste（减少食材浪费）：预制菜按分量分装，避免过量购买。例句：Pre-portioned ingredients help reduce food waste.Consistent taste（口味稳定）：工业化生产确保风味统一。例句：Prepared meals offer consistent quality and taste.争议与问题Excessive preservatives（过量防腐剂）：延长保质期但可能危害健康。例句：Many pre-made foods contain excessive preservatives.Nutritional deficiency（营养缺失）：加工过程可能导致维生素流失。例句：Heating or frying pre-made foods may lead to nutritional deficiency.Food safety concerns（食品安全担忧）：添加剂和卫生条件引发争议。例句：Excessive additives in pre-made foods pose health risks.
（在当今快节奏社会中，预制菜随处可见。）Pre-made meals have sparked widespread discussion among consumers.
（预制菜引发了消费者的广泛讨论。）分析优缺点优势：The advantage of pre-made meals is evident in their convenience.
（预制菜的优势在于便捷性。）They cater to a broad spectrum of tastes and dietary needs.
（它们满足不同口味和饮食需求。）
劣势：However, they contain excessive preservatives and are high in oil and salt.
（但它们含有过量防腐剂，且高油高盐。）Long-term consumption may lead to obesity and nutritional deficiencies.
（长期食用可能导致肥胖和营养缺失。）提出建议Consumers should treat this convenience with a discerning mindset.
（消费者应理性看待这种便捷性。）It is hoped that laws on pre-made meals can ensure better nutrition and hygiene.
（希望相关法律能保障预制菜的营养与卫生。）
（中国预制菜市场去年收入达5500亿元。）The industry’s rapid growth may see it surpass 1 trillion yuan in a few years.
（行业快速增长，未来几年可能突破万亿元。）消费场景Supermarkets often display pre-made meals in refrigerated sections.
（超市冷藏区常摆放预制菜。）Convenience stores sell ready-made meals for quick lunches.
（便利店出售即食餐作为快速午餐。）技术驱动Modern technology allows pre-made foods to be preserved without additives.
（现代技术使预制菜无需添加剂即可保存。）Cold chain logistics ensure freshness during delivery.
（冷链物流保障运输中的新鲜度。）
关键句：Pre-made meals refer to half-finished or finished dishes that are already cooked or prepared.（预制菜指已烹饪或准备好的半成品或成品菜肴。）The China Cuisine Association categorizes yuzhicai into four types: ready-to-eat, ready-to-heat, ready-to-cook, and ready-to-use ingredients.（中国烹饪协会将预制菜分为四类：即食、即热、即烹、即配。）预制菜的发展与争议核心内容：预制菜因便捷性受资本青睐，但安全性、营养流失及添加剂问题引发争议，尤其在校园供餐中争议激烈。
关键句：Pre-made meals are gradually becoming a bright spot in the fast-paced life, but concerns about additives and nutritional deficiency persist.（预制菜逐渐成为快节奏生活中的亮点，但添加剂和营养缺失问题仍存。）Excessive additives or inadequate hygiene conditions during production pose health risks to students.（生产过程中添加剂过量或卫生条件不足可能对学生健康构成风险。）预制菜的营养与健康影响核心内容：加工和复热可能导致维生素流失，高盐、高糖、高脂肪配方增加慢性病风险，但冷冻技术本身不直接导致营养损失。
关键句：Vitamins B and C in meat and vegetables can be lost during heating or frying.（肉类和蔬菜中的维生素B、C在加热或油炸时可能流失。）Freezing itself does not cause nutrition loss, but nutrition loss happens during reheating.（冷冻本身不会导致营养流失，但复热过程会。）预制菜的行业监管与建议核心内容：需加强生产、运输、销售环节监管，优先选择大型企业产品，完善法律法规以确保营养与卫生。
关键句：Customers should buy pre-made foods from big and qualified companies or supermarkets.（消费者应从大型有资质的企业或超市购买预制菜。）Laws on pre-made meals should ensure better nutrition and hygiene.（预制菜相关法律应保障营养与卫生标准。）
Pre-made meals, a convenient dining option widely accepted in many Western countries, have sparked heated debate on China's social media in recent years over concerns about safety, hygiene, and nutrition. Experts attribute the disparity in acceptance to differing levels of industry development and public understanding.
China's pre-made meal industry, which experienced a boom during the COVID-19 pandemic, is still in its infancy compared to its Western counterparts, according to Zou Jian, an executive expert with China's Pre-Made Meal Professional Committee. Zou noted that similar concerns were voiced in Europe and the United States decades ago when the industry was developing in those regions.
"Western consumers have a higher level of understanding of premade meals thanks to decades of industry development and robust information disclosure," Zou said. "In China, however, the industry is new, and public awareness is still growing."
Zou emphasized that pre-made meals in China are "very safe and clean," citing three key factors: reliance on physical processing methods by food prep companies like Huayu Holding Co, the use of fresh ingredients directly sourced from plants, and strict government regulations overseeing the sector.
Efforts to address consumer concerns are underway. In March 2024, China introduced nationwide standards to bolster supervision of the fast-growing market. On Dec 20, Henan province established a premade dish industrial alliance aimed at enhancing transparency through expert-led research and public outreach.
Zou acknowledged the challenges ahead for the industry, particularly given the diversity of Chinese cuisine. "With over 18,000 types of cuisine featuring different cooking methods like frying, steaming, and stewing, the techniques for transforming them into pre-made dishes are inevitably complex," he said.
Despite the hurdles, the sector's growth is expected to have broader economic benefits. Zou noted that developing pre-made meals drives integration across primary, secondary, and tertiary industries and supports rural vitalization.
Huayu Holding Co, which operates facilities in Henan, Jilin, and Tianjin, has significantly boosted rural employment, employing around 300,000 workers, 85 percent of whom are from rural areas. The company sources an average of five million pigs annually from nearby plants, addressing sales challenges for scattered farms while providing fresh food to consumers, said Liu Chaoyang, the company's general manager.
"If the Huayu model-from farm to table-can be replicated nationwide, it will harness idle resources in the countryside and further rural vitalization," Zou said.
China's pre-made meal industry generated 550 billion yuan ($69.4 billion) in revenue last year, according to Xinhua News Agency. Zou sees opportunities for international growth, particularly as pre-made meals could serve as a gateway for foreigners to experience Chinese cuisine.
Zou shared an anecdote from his time abroad when friends from New Zealand's Silver Fern Farms were surprised by the quality of the premade hotpot he served. "Pre-made meals can make Chinese cuisine more accessible to international consumers, fostering a deeper appreciation for Chinese culture," he said.
However, the industry faces challenges expanding overseas due to varying inspection and quarantine standards for meat products. "We are working to smooth out these processes," said He Shaojun, general manager of Henan Dongfang Yichu Food Co, a subsidiary of Huayu Holding.
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来源：十六年教育