摘要：例句：There is a book and two pens on the desk.（桌子上有一本书和两支笔。）There are two pens and a book on the desk.（桌子上有两支笔和一本书。）There was a dog

中考英语中常见的遵循就近原则的词汇词组有以下几种：

there be句型

- 详解：be动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的名词的单复数。如果最近的名词是单数或不可数名词，用is/was；如果是复数名词，则用are/were。

- 例句：There is a book and two pens on the desk.（桌子上有一本书和两支笔。）There are two pens and a book on the desk.（桌子上有两支笔和一本书。）There was a dog and some cats in the yard.（院子里曾有一只狗和一些猫。）There were some cats and a dog in the yard.（院子里曾有一些猫和一只狗。）There is some water and three bottles in the fridge.（冰箱里有一些水和三个瓶子。）There are three bottles and some water in the fridge.（冰箱里有三个瓶子和一些水。）等。

neither…nor…

- 详解：连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的形式与离它最近的主语保持一致。

- 例句：Neither you nor I am wrong.（你和我都没错。）Neither I nor you are wrong.（我和你都没错。）Neither the teacher nor the students know the answer.（老师和学生都不知道答案。）Neither the students nor the teacher knows the answer.（学生们和老师都不知道答案。）Neither Tom nor his sisters like this movie.（汤姆和他的姐妹们都不喜欢这部电影。）Neither his sisters nor Tom likes this movie.（他的姐妹们和汤姆都不喜欢这部电影。）等。

either…or…

- 详解：连接并列主语时，谓语动词的形式依据离它最近的主语来确定。

- 例句：Either you or he is going to the meeting.（要么你要么他去参加会议。）Either he or you are going to the meeting.（要么他要么你去参加会议。）Either my father or my brothers are coming.（不是我父亲就是我兄弟要来。）Either my brothers or my father is coming.（不是我兄弟就是我父亲要来。）等。

not only…but also…

- 详解：连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的形式与离它最近的主语保持一致。

- 例句：Not only you but also he is wrong.（不仅你错了，他也错了。）Not only he but also you are wrong.（不仅他错了，你也错了。）Not only the teacher but also his students object to the change.（不仅老师，他的学生们也反对这个改变。）Not only the students but also their teacher objects to the change.（不仅学生们，他们的老师也反对这个改变。）等。

not…but…

- 例句：Not he but you are a teacher.（不是他而是你才是老师。）Not you but he is a student.（不是你而是他才是学生。）Not the book but the magazines interest me.（不是这本书而是这些杂志引起我的兴趣。）Not the magazines but the book interests me.（不是这些杂志而是这本书引起我的兴趣。）等。

来源：蒙古元素