摘要：Must have done：这可是表达对过去事情十足肯定推测的“神器”。当你斩钉截铁地认为某事过去肯定发生了，就用它！比如，“The ground is wet. It must have rained last night.”（地面是湿的，昨晚肯定下雨了

今天来给大家深度剖析高中英语里情态动词+have done这个超重要的语法结构，让你轻松拿捏英语高分！

一、结构详解

1. Must have done：这可是表达对过去事情十足肯定推测的“神器”。当你斩钉截铁地认为某事过去肯定发生了，就用它！比如，“The ground is wet. It must have rained last night.”（地面是湿的，昨晚肯定下雨了。）这语气，是不是笃定得很？

2. Can/Could have done：在否定句和疑问句里，它就派上用场了。用于怀疑过去发生的行为，像“Can he have finished the work so quickly? I don't believe it.”（他怎么可能这么快就完成工作了？我不信。）或者“He couldn't have been at home. I called him several times but no one answered.”（他不可能在家，我给他打了好几次电话都没人接。）

3. May/Might have done：用在肯定句和否定句中，推测过去事情发生的可能性。比如说，“I may have left my keys at the office. I'm not sure.”（我可能把钥匙落在办公室了，不太确定。） 而且还能表达后悔、责备或遗憾哦，像“You might have told me earlier. Now it's too late.”（你本可以早点告诉我的，现在太晚了。）

4. Could/Can have done（肯定句）：这里就藏着过去没实现的遗憾啦！“I could have passed the exam if I had studied harder.”（如果我当时学习更努力些，本来能通过考试的。） 是不是满满的悔恨？

5. Should/Ought to have done：该做却没做，或者不该做却做了的情况就用它。“You should have come to the party. It was really fun.”（你本该来参加聚会的，很有意思。） 反之，“You shouldn't have lied to me.”（你本不该对我撒谎的。）

6. Needn't have done：哎呀，做了其实不必做的事，就用这个。“I needn't have bought so much food. Nobody ate it.”（我本不必买这么多食物，没人吃。）

二、真题演练

1. （2023 年模拟题）He looks so tired. He ______ have slept well last night.

A. mustn't B. can't C. shouldn't D. needn't

答案：B。根据“He looks so tired.”可知，他昨晚不可能睡好了，是对过去情况的否定推测，用can't have done，所以选 B。

2. （2024 年真题改编）You ______not have told her the bad news. She was very sad.

A. could B. should C. might D. needn't

答案：B。“她很伤心”说明不该告诉她这个坏消息，用shouldn't have done，这里所以选 B。

情态动词+have done的用法一定要牢记于心，多做练习，下次考试遇到就稳拿分啦！

来源：Xin神英语