摘要：All the students passed the exam except Tom. 除了汤姆，所有学生都通过了考试。

用法详解及例句

except

- 用法：表示“除……之外”，从整体中除去，不包括后面所接的人或物，强调排除关系。

- 例句：

- All the students passed the exam except Tom. 除了汤姆，所有学生都通过了考试。

- I go to school every day except Sunday. 除了星期天，我每天都上学。

- He answered all the questions except the last one. 除了最后一个问题，他回答了所有问题。

- She likes all fruits except bananas. 除了香蕉，她喜欢所有水果。

- The shop is open every day except on Mondays. 除了星期一，这家商店每天都营业。

- I have no choice except to wait. 除了等待，我别无选择。

- He did nothing except watch TV all day. 他整天除了看电视什么也没做。

- My mother cooks for everyone except herself. 我妈妈为所有人做饭，除了她自己。

- They have visited every city except Paris. 他们访问了所有城市，除了巴黎。

- Nobody was late except me. 除了我，没有人迟到。

besides

- 用法：表示“除……之外，还有……”，包括后面所接的人或物在内，有累加的意思，常用来补充说明情况。

- 例句：

- Besides English, he also speaks French. 除了英语，他还说法语。

- I have many hobbies besides reading. 除了阅读，我还有很多爱好。

- Besides his parents, his friends also came to the party. 除了他的父母，他的朋友也来参加了聚会。

- There are many fruits in the basket besides apples. 篮子里除了苹果还有很多水果。

- She can play the piano and the guitar besides singing. 除了唱歌，她还会弹钢琴和吉他。

- Besides working hard, he is also very kind. 除了工作努力，他还很善良。

- I have to clean my room besides doing my homework. 除了做作业，我还得打扫房间。

- Besides running, I also like swimming. 除了跑步，我还喜欢游泳。

- He has three cars besides this one. 除了这一辆，他还有三辆车。

- Besides being a teacher, she is also a writer. 除了是一名教师，她还是一名作家。

but

- 用法：作介词时表示“除了”，通常与否定词或疑问词连用，其含义与except相近，但but的介词用法有限；作连词时表示转折关系，意为“但是”。

- 例句：

- No one knows the answer but him. 除了他，没有人知道答案。

- I have nothing to do but wait. 我除了等待别无他事。

- Everyone is here but Mary. 除了玛丽，大家都在这儿。

- There is no doubt but he will come. 毫无疑问他会来。

- I can't help but laugh when I see his funny face. 当我看到他滑稽的脸时，忍不住笑了。

- I want to go shopping, but I don't have enough money. 我想去购物，但是我没有足够的钱。

- He is very rich, but he is not happy. 他很富有，但是他不快乐。

- She studied hard, but she still failed the exam. 她学习很努力，但是她仍然考试不及格。

- The book is interesting, but it's too expensive. 这本书很有趣，但是太贵了。

- I like swimming, but I don't like running. 我喜欢游泳，但是我不喜欢跑步。

apart from

- 用法：既可以表示“除……之外，还有……”，也可以表示“除……之外，没有……”，具体含义根据上下文判断，使用较为灵活，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。

- 例句：

- Apart from English, he can speak German and French. 除了英语，他还会说德语和法语。

- Apart from a few mistakes, his composition is very good. 除了一些错误，他的作文非常好。

- I like all the colors apart from black. 除了黑色，我喜欢所有颜色。

- Apart from being tired, I feel great. 除了有点累，我感觉很棒。

- He has no hobbies apart from playing computer games. 除了玩电脑游戏，他没有其他爱好。

- Apart from the weather, everything was perfect for the trip. 除了天气，这次旅行一切都很完美。

- I go to the park every Sunday apart from when it rains. 除了下雨的时候，我每个星期天都去公园。

- Apart from his height, he is a very ordinary boy. 除了他的身高，他是一个非常普通的男孩。

- There is nothing in the box apart from an old book. 盒子里除了一本旧书什么也没有。

- Apart from that one problem, we have no other difficulties. 除了那一个问题，我们没有其他困难。

in addition to

- 用法：表示“除……之外，还有……”，强调在原有基础上增加的内容，常用来列举更多的情况或事物。

- 例句：

- In addition to the book, he also bought a pen. 除了书，他还买了一支笔。

- In addition to English, we also learn math and Chinese. 除了英语，我们还学习数学和语文。

- In addition to running, I do yoga every day. 除了跑步，我每天还做瑜伽。

- In addition to his salary, he has some extra income. 除了工资，他还有一些额外收入。

- In addition to apples, she likes bananas and oranges. 除了苹果，她还喜欢香蕉和橙子。

- In addition to cleaning the room, I also washed the clothes. 除了打扫房间，我还洗了衣服。

- In addition to his job, he is also a volunteer. 除了工作，他还是一名志愿者。

- In addition to playing basketball, he is good at football. 除了打篮球，他还擅长足球。

- In addition to the flowers, she received some chocolates. 除了花，她还收到了一些巧克力。

- In addition to singing, she can dance very well. 除了唱歌，她跳舞也很好。

辨析

- except和besides：except表示从整体中排除，不包括所除的部分；besides表示除了所提到的部分外，还有其他部分，是包括在内的。

- except和but：两者都可表示“除……外不再有……”，但but侧重指意义的几乎完整性，except则侧重指后面除去的部分；but的介词用法有限，一般只能用在特定词语之后，而except没有此限制。

- except和apart from：apart from可以表示包括或排除，具体含义根据上下文判断，使用更灵活；except只表示排除。

- except和in addition to：except表示排除；in addition to表示增加、补充，意思与besides相近。

- besides和but：besides表示累加；but表示排除，且but的介词用法有限。

- besides和apart from：besides通常只表示累加；apart from含义更灵活，可表示累加或排除。

- besides和in addition to：两者意思相近，都表示累加，但in addition to更强调在原有基础上增加。

- but和apart from：but的介词用法有限，且只表示排除；apart from含义更灵活。

- but和in addition to：but表示排除；in addition to表示增加。

- apart from和in addition to：apart from含义更灵活，可表示包括或排除；in addition to只表示增加。

来源：蒙古元素