摘要：assume ：指有很少或完全无根据的武断推测或不合逻辑的推理。assume则侧重于想当然地认为某事物为真，有时可能带有较强的主观性和武断性。它通常用于表示在没有充分证据的情况下，主观地认定某事物为真。“想当然，认为，假设”
assume、presume、suppose、guess与postulate这些动词均含为“假设、猜想、推测”之意。
1.assume ：指有很少或完全无根据的武断推测或不合逻辑的推理。assume则侧重于想当然地认为某事物为真，有时可能带有较强的主观性和武断性。它通常用于表示在没有充分证据的情况下，主观地认定某事物为真。“想当然，认为，假设”
Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds.
咱们暂时假设计划成功。
She would, he assumed, be home at the usual time.
他认为，她会在通常时间回到家的。
People assume they know me through and through the moment we meet.
人们一见到我，就自以为对我了如指掌了。
If the package is wrapped well, we assume the contents are also wonderful
如果包装精美，我们就会认为里面装的也是好东西。
I naively assumed that I would be paid for the work.
我天真地以为这活儿是有报酬的。
We were wrong to assume that she'd agree.
我们错误地以为她会同意。
He assumed, wrongly, that she did not care.
他误以为她并不在乎。
Assuming he's still alive, how old would he be now?
假定他还活着，现在有多大年纪了？
It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
普遍认为，紧张是工作过重所致。
It's very conceited of you to assume that your work is always the best.
你认为你的工作总是最好的，真是太自大了。
It is a misconception to assume that the two continents are similar.
关于这两块大陆相似的假设是一种误解。
It's safe to assume there will always be a demand for new software.
可以肯定地认为，人们总会需求新的软件。
It would be rash to assume that everyone will agree with you on this.
你要是认为在这件事上谁都会同意你的看法，那就太欠考虑了。
I had assumed him to be a Belgian.
我本以为他是比利时人。
2.presume ：侧重以过去经验或根据现实的某些感觉把某事认定为是事实。虽然结论仍可能是错误的。既可用作不及物动词，也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时，可接名词、代词、动词不定式或that从句作宾语，还可接以“(to be+) adj. ”充当补足语的复合宾语。可用于被动结构。
I presume you're here on business.
我想你是来这里出差的。（不肯定地推测）
They are very expensive, I presume?
我想这些东西很贵吧？
I presumed (that) he understood the rules.
我相信他明白这些规则。
I presumed him to be her husband.
我料想那就是她丈夫。
I presume that this price includes all transportation and accomodation fees.
我猜测，这个价钱包括一切交通费用和住宿费。
I presume I am up to this job.
这个责任我还背得起。
Little is known of the youngest son; it is presumed that he died young.
对于最小的儿子一般所知甚少，据推测他已经夭亡。
3.suppose ：常用词，意义较广泛，指缺乏确切事实，根据（所知）一些现象进行的推测，也可指为论证而提出合乎逻辑推理的某种假定，有时仅表示自己的意见。suppose的基本意思是指在证据不全、情况未确定时所作的猜想。可指缺乏确切的事实但可根据一些现象来推测；也可指提出合乎逻辑推理的假设来论证某事；还可指委婉地提出建议。suppose是及物动词，可接名词、代词或that/wh-从句(可用于虚拟式)作宾语。还可接以“(to be+) n./adj. / prep. -phrase”或动词不定式、现在分词充当补足语的复合宾语。suppose搭用to be构成的复合宾语,如用于被动结构, to be有时可以省去。如：
Prices will go up, I suppose .
我觉得物价将会上涨。
I suppose it has a certain novelty value.
我觉得这有一定的新意。
Well, I suppose I could fit you in at 3.45.
好吧，我想可以在3:45见你。
I don't suppose for a minute that he'll agree (= I'm sure that he won't) .
我认为他决不会同意。（否定转移）
I don't suppose he ever saw it.
我认为他从没见过。
I don't suppose you could tell me where James Street is could you?
你能否告诉我詹姆斯街在哪儿？(用于婉转地提出请求)
I don't suppose I could have a look at your newspaper, could I?
我能不能看看您的报纸？
Do you suppose he was telling the truth?
你认为他说的是实话吗？(用于询问意见)
Do you suppose we could get together for a little chat sometime soon?
我们最近能抽空聚在一起聊上几句吗？(用于礼貌地建议或请求)
I suppose you think you're funny.
我想你认为自己很好笑。
Why do you suppose he resigned?
你凭什么推断他辞职了呢？
The policy is perfectly clear and I see no reason to suppose that it isn't working...
这项政策非常清楚明了，我没有理由认为它不会奏效。
Suppose flights are fully booked on that day─which other day could we go?
假定那天的航班都订满了——我们还可以在哪天走呢？
Suppose/Supposing someone gave you an egg and asked you to describe exactly what was inside.
假设有人给了你一枚鸡蛋并要你准确描述鸡蛋里面有什么。
Suppose we take a later train?
要不我们坐晚一点的火车？
I don't suppose (that) I could have a look at your newspaper, could I?
我能不能看看您的报纸？
I had supposed his wife a younger woman.
我原以为他妻子要更年轻。
She had supposed him (to be) very rich.
她原以为他很有钱。
4.guess ：常用词，指毫无根据仅凭个人主观臆断或碰运气的猜测。
I guess (that) you'll be looking for a new job now.
我想你现在要找新工作了吧。
I guess I really lucked out when I met her.
我想，我遇到她真是交了好运。
I guess she thought that was pretty smart.
我想她可能认为那个很漂亮。
I guess I'm not the marrying kind.
我觉得我不是那种想结婚的人。
We can only guess at her reasons for leaving.
对她离去的原因我们只能猜测。
I'd guess that she's about 30.
我估计她大约30岁。
Wood guessed that he was a very successful publisher or a banker.
伍德推测他可能是个相当成功的出版商或银行家。
Can you guess where I've been?
你能猜出我去什么地方了吗？
You'll never guess what she told me.
你永远猜不到她对我说了什么。
You'll never guess what's happened!
你根本猜不到出了什么事！
You would never guess (that) she had problems. She's always so cheerful.
你怎么也猜不到她有难以解决的问题。她总是那么乐观。
5.postulate ：指为证实一个理论的正确性而进行的假设。
They postulated a 500-year lifespan for a plastic container.
他们假定塑料容器的寿命为500年。
Freud postulated that we all have a death instinct as well as a life instinct.
弗洛伊德曾假定我们所有人都有生存本能和死亡本能。
When Alfred Adler first postulated in 1908 that there existed an inborn instinct of aggression Freud argued against it.
当艾尔弗雷德·阿德勒于1908年首次提出人生来就有攻击性本能的假设时，弗洛伊德对此表示反对。
来源：翅膀英语
