摘要：工人在其能够进入的市场上出卖其劳动力或提供劳务的能力，需要考虑其由于事故而受到的肢体功能的损伤、任何以前所遭受的伤残、职业状况、受损伤时的年龄、损伤性质、受损伤前后的工资水平等。收入能力并不必定指受损伤者在受损伤时的实际收益，亦可指根据其所受的培训、经验、商业

Earning capacity 收入能力

1.工人在其能够进入的市场上出卖其劳动力或提供劳务的能力，需要考虑其由于事故而受到的肢体功能的损伤、任何以前所遭受的伤残、职业状况、受损伤时的年龄、损伤性质、受损伤前后的工资水平等。收入能力并不必定指受损伤者在受损伤时的实际收益，亦可指根据其所受的培训、经验、商业意识等而具有的收入能力；2. 在夫妻互负扶养义务案件中，决定一方应给付他方的金额时，所谓的「收入能力」则不必根据理论而应径行依据当时的实际情况，也包括对其年龄、健康、精神状态、教育程度等的考虑在内。

Earning capacity means a person’s capability or power to acquire money by contributing a person’s talent, skills, training, and experience. It is also called as earning power. Earning capacity is considered in the following situations: when measuring the damages recoverable in a personal- injury law suit; and when awarding child support, spousal maintenance or alimony, and in dividing property between spouses upon divorce in family law suits. 具体例句如下：

例句1

In making a permanent award, long-term earning history is a reliable guide in predicting earning capacity, although in a variety of fact situations earning history alone may be misleading. All facts relevant and helpful to making the estimate must be considered. The applicant’s ability to work, his age and health, his willingness and opportunities to work, his skill and education, the general condition of the labor market, and employment opportunities for persons similarly situated are all relevant.

在做出永久奖励时，长期收入记录是预测收入能力的可靠指南，尽管在各种实际情况下，仅收入记录可能会产生误导。必须考虑所有与评估相关且有助于评估的事实。申请人的工作能力、年龄和健康状况、工作意愿和机会、技能和教育、劳动力市场的一般状况以及处境类似的人的就业机会都是相关的。

例句2

The court observed that “An estimate of earning capacity is a prediction of what an employee’s earnings would have been had he not been injured”.

法院认为，“对收入能力的预估是对一名雇员在没有受伤的情况下会有多少收入的预测”。

来源：春季高考杨老师