初中英语中虚拟语气的常见用法(三)表达建议、命令等

摘要:The doctor advised that the patient ______ more rest.A. takeB. takesC. tookD. to take答案:A解析:本题考查虚拟语气在表示建议的宾语从句中的用法。主句谓语动词 “advised

The doctor advised that the patient ______ more rest.
A. take
B. takes
C. took
D. to take
答案:A
解析:本题考查虚拟语气在表示建议的宾语从句中的用法。主句谓语动词 “advised” 表示建议,其后的宾语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气,形式为 “should + 动词原形”,其中 should 可以省略。所以这里填 “take”,即省略了 should 的形式,故选 A。The teacher demanded that the students ______ their homework on time.
A. finish
B. finishes
C. finished
D. to finish
答案:A
解析:“demanded” 表示要求,属于主句谓语动词表示命令、要求等意义的情况,其后宾语从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气 “should + 动词原形”,should 可省略,这里填 “finish”,符合要求,故选 A。She suggested that we ______ to the park for a picnic.
A. go
B. goes
C. went
D. to go
答案:A
解析:“suggested” 表示建议,其后宾语从句要用虚拟语气,即 “should + 动词原形”,should 可省略,“go” 是 “should go” 省略 should 后的形式,所以选 A。The boss ordered that the work ______ completed by Friday.
A. is
B. was
C. be
D. to be
答案:C
解析:“ordered” 表示命令,主句谓语动词有此类表示命令等意义时,宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气 “should + 动词原形”,should 可省略,“be” 是 “should be” 省略 should 后的形式,所以选 C。My parents insist that I ______ study hard for the exams.
A. should
B. would
C. could
D. might
答案:A
解析:“insist” 表示坚持要求,在此语境下,其后宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气 “should + 动词原形”,这里 “should” 没有省略,所以选 A。当然,在实际使用中,这里也可以省略 “should”,只填 “study” 也是正确的。The committee recommended that he ______ given another chance.
A. is
B. was
C. be
D. to be
答案:C
解析:“recommended” 表示推荐、建议,主句谓语动词有此类含义时,宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气 “should + 动词原形”,should 可省略,“be” 是 “should be” 省略 should 后的形式,所以选 C。The teacher advised that we ______ (practice) speaking English every day.
答案:practice
解析:本题考查虚拟语气在表示建议的宾语从句中的用法。主句谓语动词 “advised” 表示建议,其后宾语从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气 “should + 动词原形”,其中 should 可以省略,所以这里填 “practice”。She demanded that the children ______ (go) to bed early.
答案:go
解析:“demanded” 表示要求,其后宾语从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气 “should + 动词原形”,should 可省略,所以这里填 “go”。He suggested that his friend ______ (visit) the museum next week.
答案:visit
解析:“suggested” 表示建议,其后宾语从句要用虚拟语气 “should + 动词原形”,should 可省略,所以这里填 “visit”。The captain ordered that the sailors ______ (prepare) the ship for sailing.
答案:prepare
解析:“ordered” 表示命令,其后宾语从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气 “should + 动词原形”,should 可省略,所以这里填 “prepare”。They insist that she ______ (come) to the party tonight.
答案:come
解析:“insist” 表示坚持要求,其后宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气 “should + 动词原形”,should 可省略,所以这里填 “come”。The doctor advised that the patient takes more rest.
答案:The doctor advised that the patient take more rest.
解析:本题考查虚拟语气在表示建议的宾语从句中的用法。“advised” 表示建议,其后宾语从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气 “should + 动词原形”,should 可省略,原句中 “takes” 错误,应改为 “take”。She demanded that he left immediately.
答案:She demanded that he leave immediately.
解析:“demanded” 表示要求,其后宾语从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气 “should + 动词原形”,should 可省略,原句中 “left” 错误,应改为 “leave”。He suggested that we went to the park for a picnic.
答案:He suggested that we go to the park for a picnic.
解析:“suggested” 表示建议,其后宾语从句要用虚拟语气 “should + 动词原形”,should 可省略,原句中 “went” 错误,应改为 “go”。The boss ordered that the work was completed by Friday.
答案:The boss ordered that the work be completed by Friday.
解析:“ordered” 表示命令,其后宾语从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气 “should + 动词原形”,should 可省略,原句中 “was” 错误,应改为 “be”。My parents insist that I would study hard for the exams.
答案:My parents insist that I should study hard for the exams.
解析:“insist” 表示坚持要求,其后宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气 “should + 动词原形”,should 可省略,原句中 “would” 错误,应改为 “should”。

材料一
Miss Li said to her students: "I recommend that you should read some English novels to improve your reading skills. And I also suggest that you write down the new words you meet while reading."
问题:

请分析这段话中虚拟语气的用法。根据材料内容,总结 Miss Li 给学生的建议有哪些?

答案:

在这段话中,“recommend” 和 “suggest” 这两个主句谓语动词都表示建议的意义。根据虚拟语气的用法,其后的宾语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气,形式为 “should + 动词原形”,这里 “should” 明确给出,是典型的虚拟语气在表示建议的宾语从句中的应用。Miss Li 给学生的建议有:一是推荐学生阅读一些英语小说来提高阅读技能,即 “you should read some English novels to improve your reading skills”;二是建议学生在阅读时写下遇到的新单词,即 “you write down the new words you meet while reading”。

材料二
The coach ordered: "The players must train harder. I demand that each player be present at the training session on time. And I also insist that you all follow the training plan strictly."
问题:

请分析这段话中虚拟语气的用法。根据材料内容,概括教练提出的要求有哪些?

答案:

在这段话中,“demand” 和 “insist” 这两个主句谓语动词分别表示要求和坚持要求的意义。根据虚拟语气的用法,其后的宾语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气,形式为 “should + 动词原形”,这里 “should” 虽未明确写出,但 “be”(对应 “should be”)和 “follow”(对应 “should follow”)就是省略了 should 后的形式,是虚拟语气在表示要求、坚持要求的宾语从句中的应用。教练提出的要求有:一是要求球员们必须更努力训练;二是要求每个球员都要准时参加训练课程,即 “each player be present at the training session on time”;三是坚持要求所有球员都要严格遵守训练计划,即 “you all follow the training plan strictly”。

来源:鲁克luck一点号

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