初中英语中虚拟语气的常见用法（六）省略if的倒装句

摘要：I you, I would go with him.A. WasB. WereC. AmD. Been答案：B解析：本题考查虚拟语气中省略 if 的倒装句。在与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中，if 引导的条件状语从句中 be 动词用 were，若省略 if，则把

一、选择题

______ I you, I would go with him.
A. Was
B. Were
C. Am
D. Been
答案：B
解析：本题考查虚拟语气中省略 if 的倒装句。在与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中，if 引导的条件状语从句中 be 动词用 were，若省略 if，则把 were 提到主语前面，构成部分倒装。“我是你” 与现在事实不符，所以用 Were I you，故选 B 。______ he come tomorrow, I would tell him the news.
A. Should
B. If
C. Had
D. Were
答案：A
解析：在虚拟语气中，对将来情况的虚拟，若省略 if，从句中有 should 时，可把 should 提到主语前面。本题中 “他明天来” 是对将来的虚拟，所以用 Should he come，答案为 A 。______ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the sports meeting.
A. Were
B. Should
C. Would
D. Had
答案：B
解析：对将来情况虚拟时，if 引导的条件状语从句谓语可用 should + 动词原形，若省略 if，则把 should 提前，构成倒装。“明天下雨” 是对将来的假设，所以选 B 。______ I known your address, I would have written to you.
A. Were
B. Had
C. Should
D. Am
答案：B
解析：本题是对过去情况的虚拟，在 if 引导的非真实条件状语从句中，谓语用过去完成时，即 had + 过去分词，若省略 if，则把 had 提到主语前面。“我知道你的地址” 是与过去事实相反的假设，所以用 Had I known，答案为 B 。______ he taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.
A. Were
B. Had
C. Should
D. Did
答案：B
解析：对过去事实进行虚拟时，从句谓语用 had + 过去分词，省略 if 后将 had 提前构成倒装。“他接受我的建议” 是与过去相反的假设，故用 Had he taken，答案为 B 。______ you seen him yesterday, you would not be so worried now.
A. Were
B. Had
C. Should
D. Did
答案：B
解析：本题是错综时间虚拟语气，从句是对过去的虚拟，用 had + 过去分词，省略 if 后把 had 提前。“你昨天见到他” 是过去的事，所以用 Had you seen，答案为 B 。

二、填空题

______ I more time, I would have done the work better.
答案：Had
解析：本题是对过去情况的虚拟，根据虚拟语气的倒装规则，省略 if 后把 had 提到主语 I 前面。表示 “如果我有更多时间”，与过去事实相反，故填 Had 。______ it not been for your help, I would have failed the exam.
答案：Had
解析：本题是对过去情况的虚拟，“要不是你的帮助”，正常语序为 If it had not been for your help，省略 if 后把 had 提到主语 it 前面，故填 Had 。______ he to come tomorrow, I would prepare a big meal for him.
答案：Were
解析：对将来情况虚拟，从句谓语用 were to + 动词原形，省略 if 后把 were 提到主语 he 前面，故填 Were 。______ you be in trouble, please call me at once.
答案：Should
解析：本题是对将来情况的虚拟，根据虚拟语气省略 if 的倒装规则，从句谓语用 should + 动词原形时，省略 if 后把 should 提到主语 you 前面，故填 Should 。______ she know the truth, she would be very angry.
答案：Were
解析：本题是对现在情况的虚拟，在 if 引导的条件状语从句中 be 动词用 were，省略 if 后把 were 提到主语 she 前面，故填 Were 。

三、句型转换

If I were you, I would accept the invitation. (改为省略 if 的倒装句)
答案：Were I you, I would accept the invitation.
解析：根据省略 if 的倒装句规则，在虚拟语气中，if 引导的条件状语从句中 be 动词为 were 时，可省略 if，把 were 提到主语 I 前面，构成部分倒装。If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. (改为省略 if 的倒装句)
答案：Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.
解析：对将来情况虚拟时，if 从句谓语中有 should，省略 if 后把 should 提到主语 it 前面，构成倒装句。If he had worked harder, he would have passed the exam. (改为省略 if 的倒装句)
答案：Had he worked harder, he would have passed the exam.
解析：对过去情况虚拟时，if 从句谓语用 had + 过去分词，省略 if 后把 had 提到主语 he 前面，构成倒装。If you were to visit the museum, you would learn a lot. (改为省略 if 的倒装句)
答案：Were you to visit the museum, you would learn a lot.
解析：对将来情况虚拟，从句谓语用 were to + 动词原形，省略 if 后把 were 提到主语 you 前面，构成倒装句。If I had time, I would go shopping with you. (改为省略 if 的倒装句)
答案：Had I time, I would go shopping with you.
解析：本题是对现在情况的虚拟，省略 if 后把 had 提到主语 I 前面，构成倒装句。

四、材料题

材料一：
Dear Tom,
I am writing to tell you something about my plan for the coming holiday. I really want to go on a trip with my parents. But if I didn't have enough money, I couldn't go. I hope I can earn some money by doing part-time jobs. If I were you, I would ask my parents for some advice. What's your plan for the holiday?
Best regards,
Li Ming

根据材料内容，将划线部分改为省略 if 的倒装句。
答案：Were I you, I would ask my parents for some advice.
解析：在虚拟语气中，if 引导的条件状语从句中 be 动词用 were，省略 if 后把 were 提到主语 I 前面，构成部分倒装，意思是 “如果我是你”，与现在事实相反的假设。

材料二：
If it had not rained yesterday, we would have gone camping. We were all looking forward to it. But unfortunately, the rain stopped us. However, if it should be sunny tomorrow, we will go camping instead. What a pity that we missed yesterday's chance! But we are still excited about tomorrow's plan.

根据材料内容完成以下题目：

将 “If it had not rained yesterday, we would have gone camping.” 改为省略 if 的倒装句。
答案：Had it not rained yesterday, we would have gone camping.
解析：对过去情况虚拟时，if 从句谓语用 had + 过去分词，省略 if 后把 had 提到主语 it 前面，构成倒装句，表达 “如果昨天不下雨” 与过去事实相反的假设。将 “if it should be sunny tomorrow, we will go camping instead.” 改为省略 if 的倒装句。
答案：Should it be sunny tomorrow, we will go camping instead.
解析：对将来情况虚拟时，if 从句谓语中有 should，省略 if 后把 should 提到主语 it 前面，构成倒装句，表示 “如果明天天气晴朗” 这一将来的假设情况。