摘要：本研究从美国、俄罗斯和卡塔尔媒体视角下在特朗普2.0贸易战——基于CBS、RT和半岛电视台的对比分析研究。特朗普主义2.0是特朗普在其再执政时期为强化集权、推行美国优先而所体现出的政治风格，具体表现为升级版单边关税、科技战和盟友施压策略等多个方面。主要聚焦特朗

一、研究背景

本研究从美国、俄罗斯和卡塔尔媒体视角下在特朗普2.0贸易战——基于CBS、RT和半岛电视台的对比分析研究。特朗普主义2.0是特朗普在其再执政时期为强化集权、推行美国优先而所体现出的政治风格，具体表现为升级版单边关税、科技战和盟友施压策略等多个方面。主要聚焦特朗普推行的的关税政策。选择CBS、RT和半岛电视台三家媒体作为研究对象的原因一方面在于多方媒体的对比有助于剖析特朗普主义2.0如何被不同国家或文化编码与解码，另一方面在于选择的媒体代表性强，覆盖不同地缘政治立场：CBS代表美国本土主流、自由派新闻立场；RT是俄罗斯国家资助的国际媒体，长期以来以批判西方尤其是美国政治为主要叙事框架；半岛电视台是中东最具全球影响力的媒体之一，其报道通常融合中东视角和国际视野，能代表“非西方”的第三视角，补充欧美与俄式舆论之间的空白。对比分析纵观三家媒体在推特（X）上关于特朗普关税政策的相关报道，同时截取了其官网中的详细报道，以期从横纵向维度挖掘各媒体的态度倾向。

（1）CBS的报道与态度分析

首先是对CBS报道的分析。作为美国本土新闻媒体，CBS在推特（X）中报道了大量关于特朗普关税的新闻，相关发布时间可追溯到今年一月。CBS所报道的信息主要停留在事实与数据层面，聚焦特朗普贸易政策的经济影响，尤其是关注市场反应与消费者负担方面的影响。如25年1月CBS警告美国消费者可能因关税在鳄梨消费中支付更高价格，3月指出加征关税导致股市下跌及近期新关税导致的股市波动、市场动荡等负面影响。

为进一步补充分析，以下是近期CBS发表在其官网中的相关报道。这两篇较有明显情感倾向的报道中的部分信息。左边是报道《从特朗普的“解放日”图表中查看按国家/地区划分的互惠关税的完整列表》，文章大篇幅地使用了“担忧”（concern）、“动荡”（turmoil）、“下跌”（slumped）、“经济风险”（economic risk）、“消费者负担”（consumer burden）等一系列代表负面影响的用语，并引用了中国、某投资咨询公司、欧盟等多个单位对于这一政策的反对言论。在另一篇报道《若你对关税有疑问，这是你可知的》中，报道为读者提供了关税的基本知识及对特朗普新关税的简单叙述。在本报道中，编者大篇幅地讲述了新关税的负面影响，引用了大量的专家的反对意见，并使用了严重拖累经济增长等表述。上述报道均未直接引用特朗普的正面言论，而是聚焦于政策的后果，可以推测是间接表达了对特朗普关税政策的批评。

CBS的报道与态度分析

综上，CBS从本国立场出发，以美国国内经济为报道重心，其报道内容以事实和数据为基础，语气中立但带有大量的负面暗示。由此可推测，CBS对特朗普贸易政策的态度是明确批判性的，批判重点在于经济风险和消费者负担。

（2）RT的报道与态度分析

其次是对RT的分析。作为俄罗斯官方背景的国际媒体，RT在报道特朗普关税政策时呈现出鲜明的叙事框架。其在推特（X）上的报道多集中于国际社会的强烈反应，尤其强调美国与传统盟友及竞争对手间的紧张关系。例如，今年4月RT转发了德国总理的言论——“特朗普关税是对全球贸易秩序的攻击”；4月的一则推文则引用了土耳其总统埃尔多安的警告：“贸易战将加速新自由主义秩序的崩溃”，暗示美国主导体系的动摇。此外，RT也展示了美国境内多群体关于关税制度的不满，如报道加州州长纽森提出“唐纳德·特朗普的关税并不代表所有美国人”、特朗普粉丝因关税导致的市场动荡破防等。很明显，RT在报道题材的选用方面有倾向性，突出国际对特朗普政策的反应，特别是在贸易战中对立立场的态度。

RT在用语方面所展现的倾向性更为显著。在《全球关税战：关键进展》一文中，RT以极具戏剧化的语言描述特朗普政策，如引用“荒谬的即兴发挥”“香蕉共和国政策”等，并大量引用带有情感色彩的特朗普原话（如“中国亏损数十亿等于我们赚了数十亿”），放大其政策的对抗性。此外，在推特中RT的用语更加奔放，例如详细报道美澳潜艇交易因关税争端受阻，并讽刺称“特朗普以关税为和平铺路”、嘲笑白宫人机发言有如维基百科、暗讽特朗普举措即将灭国等。此类报道虽以事实为基础，但通过选题的倾向性和语言的煽动性，构建了“美国孤立主义引发全球混乱”的叙事框架。

RT的报道与态度分析

综上，RT以全球视角为切入点，语言直接且充满戏剧张力，通过聚焦国际批评和地缘政治冲突，传递对特朗普贸易政策的明确批判。其核心叙事逻辑在于将美国塑造成“规则破坏者”，进而强化在国际舆论场中的反霸权立场。

（3）半岛电视台的报道与态度分析

作为中东地区最具影响力的媒体，半岛电视台的报道融合了非西方视角与全球化关切。但不得不说的是，在推特中，半岛电视台关于这一主题的报道数量极其有限。其在推特（X）上的推文多注重事实与数据的铺陈，但选择性强调政策导致的国际矛盾。其官网中的相关报道亦是如此。值得注意的是，半岛电视台的批判性隐含于客观表述之中。一方面通过议题选择（如全球南方国家受损、多边机制失灵）传递了对特朗普政策的隐性批判。另一方面则在语言选择与应用中进行暗示。例如，使用标题“特朗普是否操纵股市谋取私利？”引导读者质疑其政策动机，在报道中使用“特朗普鼓励购买股票的帖子是金钱、政治和个人利益交织的更大危机的象征”等语言暗示其不满态度。

半岛电视台的报道与态度分析

综上，半岛电视台以相对平实的语言和全球性视野，侧重揭示特朗普关税政策对国际秩序的广泛冲击。其批判态度虽不如CBS和RT直接，但通过聚焦系统性风险，完成了对“美国优先”逻辑的间接解构。

三、各媒体态度分析

总体而言，三家媒体均对特朗普关税政策持批判立场，但批判焦点迥异：CBS立足美国本土，担忧经济风险与民生负担，以中立数据包裹负面暗示”，反映美国精英阶层对特朗普民粹主义的警惕；RT善用“情感化修辞制造冲突”，渲染国际对立，可能服务俄“去美元化”与多极化战略；半岛电视台“以客观叙事引导批判联想”，关注全球南方受损，暗示多边主义危机，可能是为“南方话语权”争夺提供依据。

CBS、RT和半岛电视台的态度分析比较

U.S., Russian, and Qatari Media Perspectives on Trump 2.0 Trade Wars

——A Comparative Study of CBS, RT, and Al Jazeera

Jinan University · Internet and New Media · Hong Shuzhen

This study examines the Trump 2.0 trade wars from the perspectives of American, Russian, and Qatari media, focusing on a comparative analysis of CBS, RT, and Al Jazeera. "Trumpism 2.0" refers to the political style adopted by Trump during his potential re-election period to consolidate power and prioritize American interests, characterized by upgraded unilateral tariffs, tech wars, and pressure tactics on allies. The study primarily explores Trump’s tariff policies.

The selection of CBS, RT, and Al Jazeera as research subjects is twofold: First, a multi-media comparison helps dissect how Trumpism 2.0 is encoded and decoded across different national and cultural contexts. Second, these outlets represent distinct geopolitical stances:

The analysis incorporates both Twitter (X) posts and official website articles from these outlets to uncover their attitudes and framing of Trump’s tariff policies.

II. Media Coverage and Attitudinal Analysis

(1) CBS Coverage and Attitude Analysis

As a U.S.-based media outlet, CBS heavily reported on Trump’s tariffs via Twitter (X), with posts dating back to January 2025. CBS emphasized factual and data-driven content, focusing on economic impacts such as market reactions and consumer burdens. For example, a January 2025 CBS report warned about rising avocado prices due to tariffs, while a March article highlighted stock market declines and volatility caused by new tariffs.

On its official website, CBS published articles with subtle yet critical undertones. In "Trump’s ‘Liberation Day’ Chart: Full List of Reciprocal Tariffs by Country", terms like "concern," "turmoil," "slumped," "economic risk," and "consumer burden" dominated the narrative, alongside quotes from critics like China, EU representatives, and investment firms. Another article, "If You Have Questions About Tariffs, Here’s What You Need to Know", extensively detailed the negative impacts of tariffs, citing expert opinions and phrases such as "severely hampering economic growth." Notably, CBS avoided direct quotes supporting Trump, instead highlighting policy consequences.

To sum up, CBS adopts a neutral tone underpinned by factual reporting but leans toward implicit criticism of Trump’s trade policies, emphasizing domestic economic risks and consumer hardships.

(2) RT Coverage and Attitude Analysis

As a Russian state-backed media outlet, RT framed Trump’s tariffs through a lens of global conflict. Its Twitter (X) posts amplified international backlash, particularly tensions between the U.S. and its allies. For instance, RT quoted German Chancellor Olaf Scholz’s remark that "Trump’s tariffs are an attack on global trade order," and Turkish President Erdoğan’s warning that "trade wars will hasten the collapse of the neoliberal order." RT also highlighted domestic U.S. dissent, such as California Governor Gavin Newsom’s statement: "Donald Trump’s tariffs do not represent all Americans."

RT’s language was notably provocative. In "Global Tariff Wars: Key Developments", it described Trump’s policies as "absurd improvisations" and "banana republic policies," while amplifying Trump’s confrontational quotes like "China losing billions means we gain billions." On Twitter, RT mocked U.S.-Australia submarine deals disrupted by tariffs, sarcastically stating, "Trump paves the way for peace with tariffs," and ridiculed White House statements as "Wikipedia-level explanations."

To sum up, RT employs dramatic rhetoric and selective coverage to construct a narrative of "U.S. isolationism triggering global chaos," aligning with Russia’s anti-hegemonic and multipolarity strategies.

(3) Al Jazeera Coverage and Attitude Analysis

Al Jazeera’s coverage blended non-Western perspectives with global concerns, though its Twitter (X) activity on this topic was sparse. Its reporting emphasized factual data but selectively highlighted international tensions. For example, a headline asked, "Is Trump Manipulating the Stock Market for Personal Gain?"subtly questioning his motives. Articles also implied systemic risks, such as linking Trump’s stock-buying encouragement to a "larger crisis intertwining money, politics, and self-interest."

To sum up, Al Jazeera critiques Trump’s policies indirectly by focusing on global systemic risks and the erosion of multilateralism, advocating for "Global South" discourse in international governance.

III. Comparative Analysis of Media Attitudes

All three outlets criticized Trump’s tariff policies but diverged in focus:

来源：非常道