摘要：from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QMainWindow, QWidget, QVBoxLayout,
以下是一个基于Python和PyQt5实现的串口调试助手示例，包含核心功能实现代码：
python
import sys
import serial
from PyQt5.QtCore import QTimer, Qt
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QMainWindow, QWidget, QVBoxLayout,
QHBoxLayout, QComboBox, QPushButton, QTextEdit,
QLineEdit, QLabel, QCheckBox, QAction, QMenu)
class SerialAssistant(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super.__init__
self.serial = serial.Serial
self.init_ui
self.init_serial
self.init_theme
def init_ui(self):
# 主窗口设置
self.setWindowTitle("PySerial Assistant")
self.resize(800, 600)
# 创建菜单栏
self.create_menus
# 主布局
main_widget = QWidget
self.setCentralWidget(main_widget)
layout = QVBoxLayout(main_widget)
# 串口配置区域
config_layout = QHBoxLayout
self.port_combo = QComboBox
self.baud_combo = QComboBox
self.baud_combo.addItems(['9600', '19200', '38400', '57600', '115200'])
self.open_btn = QPushButton("打开串口")
self.open_btn.clicked.connect(self.toggle_serial)
config_layout.addWidget(QLabel("端口:"))
config_layout.addWidget(self.port_combo)
config_layout.addWidget(QLabel("波特率:"))
config_layout.addWidget(self.baud_combo)
config_layout.addWidget(self.open_btn)
layout.addLayout(config_layout)
# 接收区
self.recv_text = QTextEdit
self.recv_text.setReadOnly(True)
layout.addWidget(self.recv_text)
# 发送区
send_layout = QHBoxLayout
self.send_text = QLineEdit
self.send_btn = QPushButton("发送")
self.send_btn.clicked.connect(self.send_data)
self.auto_send = QCheckBox("自动发送(ms)")
self.auto_send_interval = QLineEdit("1000")
send_layout.addWidget(self.send_text)
send_layout.addWidget(self.send_btn)
send_layout.addWidget(self.auto_send)
send_layout.addWidget(self.auto_send_interval)
layout.addLayout(send_layout)
# 历史记录
self.history_combo = QComboBox
self.history_combo.activated.connect(self.select_history)
layout.addWidget(self.history_combo)
# 状态栏
self.statusBar.showMessage("就绪")
# 定时器
self.timer = QTimer
self.timer.timeout.connect(self.read_data)
def create_menus(self):
theme_menu = self.menuBar.addMenu("主题")
light_action = QAction("浅色主题", self)
dark_action = QAction("深色主题", self)
light_action.triggered.connect(lambda: self.apply_theme('light'))
dark_action.triggered.connect(lambda: self.apply_theme('dark'))
theme_menu.addAction(light_action)
theme_menu.addAction(dark_action)
def init_serial(self):
self.scan_ports
self.serial.timeout = 0.1
def init_theme(self):
self.themes = {
'light': "QWidget { background: white; color: black; }",
'dark': """
QWidget { background: #333; color: white; }
QTextEdit { background: #222; }
QComboBox { background: #444; }
"""
}
self.apply_theme('light')
def apply_theme(self, name):
self.setStyleSheet(self.themes[name])
def scan_ports(self):
self.port_combo.clear
ports = ['COM%s' % (i + 1) for i in range(256)]
for port in ports:
try:
s = serial.Serial(port)
s.close
self.port_combo.addItem(port)
except:
pass
def toggle_serial(self):
if self.serial.is_open:
self.close_serial
else:
self.open_serial
def open_serial(self):
self.serial.port = self.port_combo.currentText
self.serial.baudrate = int(self.baud_combo.currentText)
try:
self.serial.open
self.open_btn.setText("关闭串口")
self.statusBar.showMessage("串口已打开")
self.timer.start(50)
except Exception as e:
self.statusBar.showMessage(f"打开失败: {str(e)}")
def close_serial(self):
self.timer.stop
self.serial.close
self.open_btn.setText("打开串口")
self.statusBar.showMessage("串口已关闭")
def read_data(self):
if self.serial.is_open:
try:
data = self.serial.read_all
if data:
self.recv_text.append(data.decode('utf-8', 'ignore'))
except Exception as e:
self.statusBar.showMessage(f"接收错误: {str(e)}")
def send_data(self):
data = self.send_text.text
if data and self.serial.is_open:
try:
self.serial.write(data.encode)
self.add_history(data)
except Exception as e:
self.statusBar.showMessage(f"发送失败: {str(e)}")
def add_history(self, data):
if data not in [self.history_combo.itemText(i) for i in range(self.history_combo.count)]:
self.history_combo.addItem(data)
def select_history(self, index):
self.send_text.setText(self.history_combo.itemText(index))
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = SerialAssistant
window.show
sys.exit(app.exec_)
主要功能说明：
串口通信核心功能：自动扫描可用串口支持常用波特率选择数据收发基础功能自动接收数据（定时查询方式）特色功能实现：python
复制
# 历史记录功能
def add_history(self, data):
# 避免重复添加相同记录
if data not in [self.history_combo.itemText(i) for i in range(self.history_combo.count)]:
self.history_combo.addItem(data)
# 主题切换功能
# 自动发送实现（需要添加定时器控制）
def toggle_auto_send(self):
if self.auto_send.isChecked:
interval = int(self.auto_send_interval.text)
self.auto_timer.start(interval)
else:
self.auto_timer.stop
访问GitHub仓库：主要依赖库：PyQt5 >= 5.15pyserial >= 3.5扩展建议：
添加HEX显示/发送功能增加数据统计功能（发送/接收字节计数）实现协议解析功能支持多语言国际化添加数据保存功能这个实现使用了PyQt5的现代GUI特性，通过样式表实现主题切换，采用经典的MVC设计模式分离数据逻辑和界面显示。开发者可以根据实际需求继续扩展功能模块。
来源：老客数据一点号