摘要：研究背景或缘起一般包括主题重要性和现存问题两方面，要强调主题的意义和重要性，利用相关词语，增强摘要的说服性。如：

英文摘要的主要内容有：研究背景或缘起、研究目的或内容、研究方法研究结果、研究结论或意义，下面是英文摘要常用的句型与词语：

一、研究背景或缘起

研究背景或缘起一般包括主题重要性和现存问题两方面，要强调主题的意义和重要性，利用相关词语，增强摘要的说服性。如：

（1）..have a great impact on...

（2）..plays an important role in..

（3）..has seen increasing attention...

（4）..have been extremely influential in.

（5）..is widely used...

（6）...has seen wide application in...

研究缘起的另一方面是研究主题现存问题，表达这一内容的句式有：

（1）However, no study has considered...

（2）Few studies have prospectively examined..

（3）However, those...are short and simple...

（4）is a challenge to..industry. There is a need to design..

（5）However, previous research in this field has concentrated on..

（6）However, this assumption is not valid when...

（7） This is complicated by...

（8）However, this assessment cannot be based solely on..

研究主题重要性与研究问题之间常使用表达转折的连接词，如however、nevertheless、although、 despite、 in spite of 等。

二、研究目的或内容

表达研究目的的常用句式包括：

（1）This study aims to...

（2）The aim/purpose of the study is/was to...

（3）We aim to present/investigate/explore...

（4）A study was conducted to...

（5）The work presented in this paper focuses on..

表达目的经常用不定式结构“to+特定动词原型”。

研究内容即研究做了什么或文章主题是什么。常用句式有：

（1）This paper presents a new methodology or...

（2）This study reports an improved design or...

（3）In this paper we extend an existing approach to.

（4）We consider a novel system of..

（5）The implications for learning algorithms are discussed.

三、研究方法

研究方法部分一般表达使用某种方法或仪器进行某项实验。常用句式有：

（1）.. was constructed using...

（2）..was investigated by means of..

（3）The data obtained were evaluated using..

（4）Two catalysts were examined in order to..

（5）Samples were prepared for electron microscopy using

（6）A permeameter was used to investigate..

表达“使用”涵义的动词或介词短语包括use、utilize、apply、with、by doing等。

四、研究结果

研究结果部分常用句式有：

（1）The results show(ed) that...

（2）It is found that...

（3）The results demonstrated that..

（4）The results failed to reveal...

（5）The study reveals no evidence of...

（6）Some results of...were obtained in..。

五、研究结论或意义

研究结论表达研究结果的推论或研究取得的成果。常用句式有：

（1）The results suggest/indicate that...

（2）The findings lead us to conclude that..

表达研究意义和价值的常用句式有：

（1）The present research expands the work.

（2）This fundamental work has contributed to the present understanding of.

（3）This study leads to further progress in...

（4）These initial findings provide the insight into.

（5）This study is of great significance...

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来源：微研微学