摘要：特朗普强硬政策撕裂美韩印盟友关系：现代工厂突袭事件引发韩国反美浪潮，印度因购买俄油遭关税打击，亚洲各国正寻求对华关系作为备选方案。专家警告，美国单边主义或将长期损害其全球战略布局。

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特朗普强硬政策撕裂美韩印盟友关系：现代工厂突袭事件引发韩国反美浪潮，印度因购买俄油遭关税打击，亚洲各国正寻求对华关系作为备选方案。专家警告，美国单边主义或将长期损害其全球战略布局。

美国执法部门抓捕在现代美国公司工作的韩国公司

美国执法部门在突袭韩国现代投资的美国工厂时给被抓捕的韩国人戴上铁链

美联社2025年9月10日报道，唐纳德·特朗普总统强硬的贸易与移民政策，正在破坏长期以来旨在抗衡中国日益增长的影响力的美国外交政策基石和盟友关系，侵蚀了数届美国政府多年积累的外交投入。

最新的裂痕出现在9月5日：数百名韩国工人在美国执法部门突袭韩国现代在佐治亚州投资的汽车制造厂时被拘留，并被戴上锁链和手铐，而该厂此前一直被美韩两国誉为深化经济合作的典范。

特朗普政府官员坚称美韩贸易不会受到影响，但外交政策分析师们已忧心忡忡地关注到美国与其盟友关系的恶化。特朗普并未遵循美国历届政府“组建联盟以制衡中国”这一传统共识，反而热衷于对敌友双方均施加压力。

专注于美国亚洲战略研究的美国企业研究所高级研究员扎克·库珀表示：“若美国从该地区抽身，（美国的）条约盟友们正制定备选方案，部分合作伙伴正通过改善与中国的关系来采取对冲策略。”

曾经的亲密朋友？

新增的关税对手？

尽管特朗普与印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪此前关系友好，但美印关系也已出现降温。由于印度在乌克兰冲突期间购买俄罗斯石油，特朗普对印度加征关税，同时还与印度的邻国竞争对手巴基斯坦加强了联系。

莫迪近期在天津举行的上海合作组织峰会上，与俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京和中国国家领导人共同亮相并被拍摄，此事引发特朗普在社交媒体上的不满。他在社交媒体上写道：“看来印度和俄罗斯都倒向了中国，祝他们能携手拥有漫长而繁荣的未来！”

近期的摩擦或许有可能平息。例如，特朗普近期表示“我永远是莫迪的朋友”，莫迪也称印美两国关系“非常积极”。

但亚洲各国的担忧可能并非暂时的，尤其是若外界认为，即便特朗普卸任后，其对对外联盟持怀疑态度的立场仍将产生持续影响。

库珀指出：“该地区多数国家认为，华盛顿的保护主义政策、单边主义倾向以及对海外参与的更强怀疑态度，将在特朗普政府卸任后继续存在。”

特朗普偶尔会对中国发表强硬言论，他曾通过宣布高额关税，将美国和中国两全球第一和第二大经济体推向贸易战边缘。不过，双方目前已从对抗中缓和，特朗普正专注于争取与中国国家领导人举行峰会。

今年夏天，美国国务卿马尔科·卢比奥与中国外交部长王毅会面后，美国国务院表示，双方“同意探索潜在合作领域，同时努力管控分歧”。

王毅外长在马来西亚会见美国国务卿卢比奥

考虑到特朗普第一任期内与莫迪关系密切，如今他与莫迪之间的紧张关系格外令人意外。尽管巴基斯坦已提名特朗普角逐其渴望获得的诺贝尔和平奖，但对于特朗普试图将近期印巴停火协议的促成之功归于自身的举动，莫迪坚决不予认可。

此外，在特朗普试图解决俄乌冲突问题时，印度被卷入其中。为间接向俄罗斯施压，特朗普以印度继续购买俄罗斯石油为由，对印度加征了最高关税。

曾在乔·拜登政府时期担任美国驻印度大使的埃里克·加塞蒂表示，多年的外交成果虽不会逆转，但“可能会造成大量损害”。他还警告称，若美印无法达成共识，双方都将会变得“非常孤立”。 他表示：“无论是对美国的成功，还是对整个世界而言，美印关系都是最重要的关系之一。”

美国智库战略与国际研究中心专注于印度及新兴亚洲经济领域的高级顾问里克·罗索表示，美印关系虽处于“低谷”，但“此类时刻给人的感觉往往比实际情况更严重”。特朗普本应赴印出席一场同时有日本和澳大利亚领导人参加的峰会。这场峰会涉及的战略联盟“四方安全对话”，被视为制衡中国在该地区军事及政治影响力的机制。

对现代汽车工厂的突击行动尤为引人关注：这一事件高调表明，特朗普政府不惜付出经济代价，也要推行其强硬的移民政策。而就在此次事件发生前不到两周，特朗普还在白宫与韩国总统李在明举行了会谈，该事件已在韩国引发不满与被背叛之感。

韩国民众到美国驻韩国使馆抗议美国不信任和尊重韩国

首尔延世大学教授奉英植表示：“损害已经造成，（韩国的）反美情绪明显升温。”他指出，韩国民众对工人被拘留一事感到震惊，且美国当局还公布了工人戴着铁链和手铐被带走的视频。

特朗普一直推动韩国政府扩大在美工业投资，但美国却没有配套的签证制度，无法为新建制造工厂提供足够的技术工人支持。

奉英植表示：“韩国民众中越来越多的人认为，美国正在实施霸凌行为：不仅是在这一事件中，还包括其强行推动加征关税的举动。人们普遍认为，美国做得太过分了。”

奉英植称，该问题将成为一颗“定时炸弹”，“韩国企业今后向美国派遣员工将变得极为困难”。

Trump is upsetting the US allies needed to counter China. By CHRIS MEGERIAN, DIDI TANG and KIM TONG-HYUNG on WASHINGTON (AP). September 10, 2025.

President Donald Trump’s aggressive trade and immigration policies are undermining relationships that have been cornerstones of American foreign policy to counter China’s growing influence, eroding years of diplomatic investments spanning administrations.

The latest fracture came Friday, when hundreds of South Korean workers were detained at a Hyundai manufacturing plant in Georgia, a facility that had been a showcase for closer economic ties between the two countries. Some of the workers, who were being investigated for visa issues, were shackled.

Administration officials insist that trade will not be impacted, but foreign policy analysts have watched deteriorating relationships with alarm. Instead of following the conventional wisdom of building coalitions as a bulwark against China, Trump has reveled in turning the screws on friend and foe alike.

“Treaty allies are developing fallback options if the United States disengages from the region,” said Zack Cooper, a senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, where he studies U.S. strategy in Asia. “Some partners are hedging by cultivating better relationships with China.”

Ties with India also have cooled despite a previously cordial friendship between Trump and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Trump imposed tariffs on India as punishment for buying Russian oil during the war in Ukraine, and he’s grown closer with Pakistan, a bordering rival.

Modi was recently photographed with Russian President Vladimir Putin and Chinese leader during a security summit in Tianjin, prompting a social media jab from Trump.

“Looks like we’ve lost India and Russia to deepest, darkest, China,” he wrote. “May they have a long and prosperous future together!”

It’s possible that recent spats could blow over. For example, Trump recently said, “I will always be friends with Modi,” and Modi said their countries have a “very positive” relationship.

But concerns among Asian nations may not be temporary, especially if there’s a sense that Trump’s skeptical view of foreign engagement will linger after he’s no longer in office.

“Most countries in the region believe that Washington’s protectionist policies, unilateral tendencies and greater skepticism of overseas engagement will outlast the Trump administration,” Cooper said.

Trump has occasionally talked tough toward China, and he risked a trade war between the world’s first and second largest economies by announcing steep tariffs. However, both sides have stepped back from that confrontation, and Trump has been focused on seeking a summit with Chinese leader.

After a meeting between U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio and Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi over the summer, the State Department said both sides “agreed to explore areas of potential cooperation, while seeking to manage differences.”

The tension between Trump and Modi has been particularly surprising given their closeness during Trump’s first term. However, Modi has declined to indulge Trump’s attempt to claim credit for brokering a recent ceasefire between India and Pakistan, although Pakistan has nominated Trump for the Nobel Peace Prize that he covets.

In addition, India has been caught in the crossfire of Trump’s efforts to resolve the Russian invasion of Ukraine. In order to put indirect pressure on Moscow, Trump increased tariffs on India for buying Russian oil during the war.

Eric Garcetti, who served as U.S. ambassador to India under President Joe Biden, said years of diplomacy won’t be reversed but said “a lot of damage can be done,” and he warned that it would be a “very lonely world” if India and U.S. are not on the same page.

“This is one of the most critical relationships for our success and for the world,” he said.

Rick Rossow, a senior adviser focused on India and emerging Asia economics at the Washington-based think tank Center for Strategic and International Studies, said the U.S.-India relationship is at “a low point” but “such moments always feel like they are more significant than they actually are.”

However, tensions could jeopardize a planned visit by Trump to India to attend a summit that would also include leaders from Japan and Australia. The strategic grouping, known as the Quad, is viewed as a mechanism to counter Beijing’s military and political influences in the region.

The raid at the Hyundai facility stands out as a highly public display of the Trump administration’s willingness to enforce its aggressive immigration policy, even if it also comes at an economic cost, sparking anger and a sense of betrayal in South Korea, less than two weeks after a White House meeting between Trump and South Korean President Lee Jae Myung.

“Damage has already been done as anti-American sentiment is clearly on the rise,” said Bong Youngshik, a professor at Seoul’s Yonsei University, citing public shock in South Korea over the detentions and U.S. authorities releasing video showing the workers being chained and taken away.

Trump has pushed Seoul to expand U.S. industrial investments, but without a visa system to support enough skilled workers to establish new manufacturing facilities.

“There’s a growing perception among South Koreans that the United States is engaging in bullying behavior, not only about this case but also with their aggressive push to increase tariffs,” Bong said. “There’s a widespread feeling that it is taking things too far.”

Bong said the issue would remain a “ticking time bomb” and “it will become extremely difficult for South Korean companies to send their employees to the United States.”

来源：读行品世事一点号