摘要：Participants– 72 healthy male and female adults–were first asked to perform acomputer test that challenged their visual and spatia

D

Want to learn a new language or get A's in college exams? Previous studies have shownthat exercise can help stimulate the areas of the brain that convert (转换)new information into long-term memory. A new study has taken this information one step further and found the besttime when exercise can help maximize learning.

Building upon past research that found exercise releases biochemicals that improvemental function, scientists at Radboud University and the University of Edinburgh conducteda study to determine when exercise was most beneficial to learning.

Participants– 72 healthy male and female adults–were first asked to perform acomputer test that challenged their visual and spatial learning. After the test, all of the subjectswatched nature documentaries, but two-thirds of them also exercised. Half of the exercisersdid circuit training on an exercise bike for 35 minutes immediately after the test. The otherhalf did the same exercise but not until four hours after they had been tested.

Two days later, all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test, and they wereconnected to MRI (磁共振成像) machines to assess their brain activity. The participants whoexercised four hours after taking the computer test were able to recall what they had learnedmost accurately. Their brainwaves also showed more consistent levels of activity, indicatingthat their brains were less taxed to remember what they had learned.

According to this research, the best time to exercise to improve learning is four hoursafter studying. But why? That's one question the researchers have yet to answer. Another question left unanswered is the level of exercise that might best improve learning. I've runenough marathons to prove the fact that my brain is anything but sharp during or after a toughworkout. But the researchers noted that light workouts might not give the brain enough of abiochemical boost to improve learning.

32.What did the new study aim to explore?

A. When exercise is best for learning.

B.What biochemicals are good for health.

C. How brainwaves should be measured.

D.Which area of the brain is the most active.

33. What were all the participants asked to do during the experiment?

A. Train on bicycles.

B.Do mathematics exercises.

C.Play computer games.

D. Watch films about nature.

34. Why did the participants return to the lab two days later?

A.To do a medical examination.

B. To have their memory tested.

C. To get their workouts recorded.

D. To finish their previous tasks.

35. What might the author's marathon running prove?

A.The findings of the study are reliable.

B.Long-distance runners are often smart.

C.Studies on the marathon are not enough.

D. Hard exercise may not sharpen the brain.

参考答案：ADBD

文章主旨：

本文是一篇说明文，一项新研究表明，运动后四小时锻炼最益提高学习效果。

答案详解：

32. A。事实细节题。题干含义：What did the new study aim to explore?这项新研究旨在探索什么？

根据第一段最后一句A new study has taken this information one step further and found the besttime when exercise can help maximize learning.一项新的研究进一步证实了这一信息，并发现了锻炼可以最大限度地提高学习效果的最佳时间。

以及第二段中的...scientists at Radboud University and the University of Edinburgh conducteda study to determine when exercise was most beneficial to learning.内梅亨大学和爱丁堡大学的科学家们进行了一项研究，以确定什么时候锻炼对学习最有益。A. When exercise is best for learning.什么时候锻炼对学习最有利。符合题意，因此应选A。

其它选项含义：B.What biochemicals are good for health.哪些生物化学物质对健康有益。C. How brainwaves should be measured.如何测量脑电波。D.Which area of the brain is the most active.大脑的哪个区域最活跃。

33. D。事实细节题。题干含义：What were all the participants asked to do during the experiment?在实验中，所有的参与者都被要求做什么？

根据第三段After the test, all of the subjects watched nature documentaries.测试结束后，所有受试者都观看了自然纪录片。D. Watch films about nature.观看有关自然的电影。符合题意，因此应选D。

其它选项含义：A. Train on bicycles.骑自行车训练。B.Do mathematics exercises.做数学练习。

C.Play computer games.玩电脑游戏

34. B。推理判断题。题干含义：Why did the participants return to the lab two days later?为什么参与者在两天后回到实验室？

根据第四段Two days later, all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test, and they wereconnected to MRI (磁共振成像) machines to assess their brain activity. The participants whoexercised four hours after taking the computer test were able to recall what they had learnedmost accurately. 两天后，所有的参与者回到实验室进行回忆测试，他们被连接到核磁共振成像机器来评估他们的大脑活动。参加电脑测试四小时后进行锻炼的参与者能够最准确地回忆起他们所学的内容。B. To have their memory tested.去测试他们的记忆力。符合题意，因此应选B。

其它选项含义：A.To do a medical examination.去做身体检查C. To get their workouts recorded.把他们的锻炼记录下来。D. To finish their previous tasks.完成之前的任务。

可知，两天后受试者回到实验室是为了测试他们的记忆力。

35. D。推理判断题。题干含义：What might the author's marathon running prove?作者的马拉松长跑可能能证明什么？

根据最后一段I've runenough marathons to prove the fact that my brain is anything but sharp during or after a toughworkout.我跑了足够多的马拉松结果证明我的大脑在剧烈运动期间或之后一点也不敏锐。D. Hard exercise may not sharpen the brain.艰苦的运动未必能使头脑敏锐。符合题意，因此应选D。

其它选项含义：A.The findings of the study are reliable.这项研究的结果是可靠的。B.Long-distance runners are often smart.长跑运动员通常都很聪明。C.Studies on the marathon are not enough. 对马拉松的研究还不够。

参考译文：

想学一门新语言或在大学考试中得A吗？先前的研究表明，运动可以帮助刺激大脑将新信息转化为长期记忆的区域。一项新的研究进一步证实了这一信息，并发现了锻炼可以最大限度地提高学习效果的最佳时间。

内梅亨大学（Radboud University）和爱丁堡大学（University of Edinburgh）的科学家们在过去的研究基础上发现，运动释放的生化物质可以改善心理功能，他们进行了一项研究，以确定运动何时对学习最有益。

参与者——72名健康的男性和女性成年人——首先被要求进行一项电脑测试，挑战他们的视觉和空间学习能力。测试结束后，所有受试者都观看了自然纪录片，但其中三分之二的人也进行了锻炼。测试结束后，一半的锻炼者在自行车上进行了35分钟的循环训练。另一半则在测试结束四小时后做同样的练习。

两天后，所有的参与者回到实验室进行回忆测试，他们被连接到核磁共振成像机器来评估他们的大脑活动。参加电脑测试四小时后进行锻炼的参与者能够最准确地回忆起他们所学的内容。他们的脑电波也显示出更一致的活动水平，这表明他们的大脑在记忆所学知识方面的负担更少。

根据这项研究，提高学习能力的最佳锻炼时间是学习后的四个小时。但是为什么呢?这是研究人员尚未回答的一个问题。另一个悬而未决的问题是，锻炼的程度可能是提高学习效果的最佳方式。我跑了足够多的马拉松结果证明我的大脑在剧烈运动期间或之后一点也不敏锐。但研究人员指出，轻度锻炼可能无法给大脑提供足够的生化促进来提高学习能力。

来源：梅梅课堂