摘要：So what we're gonna do is we'll listen to a doctor talking about his role in the hospital, okay?
Let's introduce the surgeon, Mr. Bean.
让我们介绍一下外科医生，憨豆先生。
We're gonna do a listening bingo.
我们要进行一个听力宾果游戏。
So this is a listening activity that we're gonna do together.
这是我们要一起进行的听力活动。
And I just need a quick drink.
我需要喝一口水。
…… Okay, let's develop your listening skills.
……好的，让我们提高你的听力技能。
So what we're gonna do is we'll listen to a doctor talking about his role in the hospital, okay?
我们要听一位医生谈论他在医院的角色，好吗？
As you listen, answer this question.
在你听的时候，回答这个问题。
How many kinds of doctor are mentioned?
提到了多少种医生？
So to mention is to say, right? To talk about.
“mention”就是“To talk about”，对吧？
How many kinds of doctors are mentioned?
提到了多少种医生？
Are you ready?
你准备好了吗？
Let's listen very, very carefully.
让我们非常仔细地听。
It's quite short, but here we go.
这段很短，但我们开始吧。
What's the role of a doctor in the hospital?
医生在医院的角色是什么？
That's not an easy question because there are many types of doctors.
这不是一个简单的问题，因为有很多类型的医生。
One of the most common is what we call in the UK a GP, a general practitioner.
最常见的之一是我们在英国称之为全科医生（GP）。
And actually, this doctor doesn't work in the hospital.
实际上，这位医生并不在医院工作。
He or she works in the community offering primary healthcare.
他或她在社区提供初级医疗服务。
They will see patients for checkups or special problems.
他们会为病人进行检查或处理特殊问题。
They have to recognize the symptoms, make a diagnosis, and in many cases, prescribe medicine.
他们必须识别症状，做出诊断，并在许多情况下开处方。
Sometimes, they might refer a patient to a specialist if they need more specific treatment.
有时，如果病人需要更具体的治疗，他们可能会将病人转诊给专科医生。
Now in the hospital, there is a wide range of doctors, including pediatrics, who treat children, oncologists, who deal with cancers, pathologists, who study the cause and effect of diseases, surgeons, who carry out operations, and many, many more.
在医院里，有各种各样的医生，包括儿科医生，治疗儿童的，肿瘤科医生，处理癌症的，病理学家，研究疾病因果关系的，外科医生，进行手术的，还有很多其他的医生。
Basically, a doctor's role is to make sure patients that are sick, physically or mentally, get the treatment they need to get well.
基本上，医生的角色是确保身体或心理生病的病人得到他们需要的治疗以恢复健康。
And doctors should also provide advice on preventing sickness and disease.
医生还应该提供关于预防疾病和健康问题的建议。
In a nutshell, that's it.
总而言之，就是这样。
Right, how many kinds of doctor are mentioned?
那么，提到了多少种医生？
Carolina Suvoda, thank you very much for your comment from Spain.
来自西班牙的卡罗琳娜·苏沃达，非常感谢你的评论。
Hello, neighbor.
你好，邻居。
Brian, you say you don't go to the GPs, right?
布莱恩，你说你不去全科医生那里，对吧？
Just go to the hospitals.
直接去医院。
I know a lot of Asian countries where that's the case.
我知道很多亚洲国家是这样的。
There's no GP. It goes straight to hospital.
没有全科医生，直接去医院。
Let's see. Where are we?
让我们看看，我们在哪里？
Let's have a look.
让我们来看看。
Vicky says five, Eva says five.
维基说五种，埃娃说五种。
Daniela, two, Sarah, MM, Nora Nwe, GP, pediatrics, oncologist, pathologist, four, interesting.
达尼埃拉说两种，萨拉，MM，诺拉·纽，GP，儿科，肿瘤科，病理学，四种，挺有意思的。
Tran says five, Cezary says five.
特兰说种，切扎里说五种。
Milda says, is that a new avatar?
米尔达说……那是个新头像吗？
No, you say five.
不是的，你说五种。
GP, pediatrics, oncologists, pathologists, and surgeons, wow.
全科医生，儿科医生，肿瘤科医生，病理学家和外科医生，哇。
Artyom has got the same.
阿尔季姆也一样。
Aziz says seven, Mashhura says seven.
阿齐兹说七种，马什赫拉说七种。
Raihan says six, five, okay.
赖汉说六种，五种，好吧。
Right, very, very interesting.
好的，非常有趣。
Okay, let's see.
好的，让我们看看。
Amarilys, you've got, okay, almost, almost, almost.
阿玛里利斯，你差不多，差不多，差不多。
Sibel, GP, pediatricians, oncologist, petologist, ooh, what's a petologist?
西贝尔，全科医生，儿科医生，肿瘤科医生，宠物学家，哦，宠物学家是什么？
Interesting, surgeons.
有趣，外科医生。
Right, let's find the answer.
好的，让我们找出答案。
The answer actually is, let me bring it up for you.
答案实际上是，让我为你展示一下。
The answer was five.
答案是五种。
The GP, general practitioner, pediatrics, so this is, sorry, this is in plural, right?
全科医生，儿科医生，所以这个，抱歉，这个是复数，对吗？
Pediatrics, so you can practice your pronunciation.
儿科，这样你可以练习你的发音。
Oncologists.
肿瘤科医生。
Let me emphasize, just to help you.
让我强调一下，仅仅是为了帮助你。
You are not gonna use these words, I know, but just in case you are in the business.
我知道你不会使用这些词，但以防万一你在这个行业呢。
Oncologists, pathologist, surgeons.
肿瘤科医生、病理学家、外科医生。
There's the stress.
这里有重音。
General practitioner.
全科医生。
Great way of showing the stress.
展示重音的好方法。
There are five: Pediatrics, oncologists, pathologists, surgeons.
提到的医生有五种：儿科、肿瘤科医生、病理学家、外科医生。
In the plural, great, good.
复数形式，很好。
Look at me, perfectionist.
看看我，完美主义者。
There are five different kinds of doctors mentioned.
提到的医生有五种不同的类型。
Now, that's the first activity.
现在，这是第一个活动。
The second activity is I want you to listen again, and I want you to mark the boxes that contain the exact words you hear.
第二个活动是我希望你再次听，并标记出你听到的确切词汇的框。
Let's put them up here.
让我们把它们放在这里。
Okay, mark the boxes that contain the exact words.
好的，标记出包含确切词汇的框。
So not similar words, but the exact words, right?
所以不是相似的词，而是确切的词，对吗？
So if you hear "difficulty question", it doesn't count.
所以如果你听到“difficulty question”，那不算。
If you hear "difficult question", then yes, you mark it.
如果你听到“difficult question”，那么是的，你就标记它。
And when you get like maybe three in a row, bum, bum, bum.
当你连续听到三个时，咚，咚，咚。
If you hear these three, just in your head, mark it, and then in the chat, type bingo and the words.
如果你听到这三个词，就在脑海中标记，然后在聊天中输入“bingo”和这些词。
And it's the first person to type bingo and the three words in the chat.
这就是第一个在聊天中输入“bingo”和三个词的人。
It can be this way, it can be this way.
可以是这样，也可以是这样。
Sorry, it can be diagonal, it can be, oh.
抱歉，可以是对角线，也可以是，哦。
It can be horizontal, vertical, or diagonal.
可以是水平、垂直或对角线。
Me and maths.
我和数学。
Horizontal, vertical, or diagonal.
水平、垂直或对角线。
Okay, just give me a quick thumbs up when you are ready to listen again.
好的，当你准备好再次听时，给我一个快速的竖起大拇指。
Hazera, the meaning of "in a nutshell" means overall in some or in short, right?
Hazera，“in a nutshell”的意思是总体上或简短地，对吗？
When you have a lot of ideas in a short sentence, "in a nutshell" means in some, in short, or overall, right?
当你在一个简短的句子中有很多想法时，“in a nutshell”意味着总体上、简短地或整体上，对吗？
Right, okay.
对的，好的。
Listen, Isadul, you can't do bingo yet.
听着，Isadul，你还不能玩宾果。
We've not begun yet.
我们还没有开始。
Right, I've got the thumbs up.
对的，我得到了竖起大拇指。
Excellent. Let's listen again.
太好了。让我们再听一次。
Here we go.
开始吧。
医生在医院的角色是什么？
他或她在社区提供初级医疗服务。
他们必须识别症状，做出诊断，并在许多情况下开处方。
Sometimes, they might refer a patient to a specialist if they need more specific treatment.
有时，如果病人需要更具体的治疗，他们可能会转诊给专家。
现在在医院里，有各种各样的医生，包括儿科医生（治疗儿童）、肿瘤科医生（处理癌症）、病理学家（研究疾病的因果关系）、外科医生（进行手术）以及许多其他医生。
基本上，医生的角色是确保生病的病人，无论是身体上还是心理上，得到他们需要的治疗以恢复健康。
医生还应该提供有关预防疾病和病痛的建议。
In a nutshell, that's it. Excellent, great.
简而言之，就是这样。太好了，棒极了。
We've got, let's see, Artyon got bingo.
我们来看一下，Artyon 赢得了宾果。
Right, Vicky was the second.
对的，Vicky 是第二个。
Who else? Anybody else?
还有谁？还有其他人吗？
MM, general practitioners prescribe medicine preventing sickness, yeah.
嗯，全科医生开处方以预防疾病，是的。
Alexander as well. Great, good.
亚历山大也是。很好，很好。
I realized after doing this that it wasn't a very good exercise because as soon as you know that this one is true, the only possible answer then is for all of these to be true, right?
我在做这个之后意识到这并不是一个很好的练习，因为一旦你知道这个是对的，所有这些都必须是对的，对吗？
It has to be, that has to be the answer 'cause it's bingo, you can't go any other way.
这必须是答案，因为这是宾果游戏，你别无选择。
So I have to construct my bingos in a better way.
所以我必须以更好的方式构建我的宾果。
But that was it, excellent.
但就是这样，太棒了。
General practitioner, prescribe medicine, preventing sickness.
全科医生，开药，预防疾病。
Excellent, good.
优秀，好的。
Now, what I'll do, I'll just play it one more time, and as you listen, I will indicate the right answer so you can all of you hear when the right answer comes.
现在，我会再播放一次，当你们听的时候，我会指出正确答案，这样你们都能听到正确答案出现的时刻。
More listening practice, the better.
多听练习，效果更好。
The more you listen, the better for you.
你听得越多，对你越有好处。
Okay, let's do it.
好的，我们开始吧。
医生在医院的角色是什么？
这不是个简单的问题，因为有很多类型的医生。
最常见的一种是我们在英国称之为全科医生的 GP。
他或她在社区工作，提供初级医疗服务。
他们会为患者进行体检或处理特殊问题。
他们必须识别症状，做出诊断，并在许多情况下开药。
有时，如果患者需要更具体的治疗，他们可能会将患者转诊给专科医生。
现在在医院里，有各种类型的医生，包括治疗儿童的儿科医生、处理癌症的肿瘤科医生、研究疾病因果关系的病理学家、进行手术的外科医生，还有许多其他医生。
基本上，医生的角色是确保生病的患者，无论是身体上还是心理上，得到他们所需的治疗以恢复健康。
医生还应该提供关于预防疾病和病痛的建议。
总而言之，就是这样。
"In a nutshell" means in short, but it's a different word, right?
"In a nutshell"的意思是简而言之，但这是一个不同的词，对吧？
Okay, I hope then you can hear where the answers are coming.
好的，我希望你们能听到答案的来源。
Well done, all of you who got the bingo.
干得好，所有获得宾果的你们。
Very, very nice.
非常非常好。
Well done all of you. Excellent, good.
大家都做得很好。优秀，好的。
Let's move on.
让我们继续。
What's coming up next?
接下来是什么？
Well, I'll tell you what, before we move on, let me go through the script 'cause this will help you just identify some of the words, right?
好吧，我告诉你，在我们继续之前，让我过一下文本，因为这将帮助你们识别一些单词，对吧？
I'll go through, I'll play it one more time, and you can listen and connect the words with the sound, and I'll just explain any other words at the end as well.
我会再播放一次，你们可以听并将单词与声音连接起来，我也会在最后解释其他单词。
Okay, great.
好的，太好了。
医生在医院的角色是什么？
总而言之，就是这样。
Right, okay, good.
好的，好的。
I'm gonna come to your question of pediatrician and pediatrics in a moment.
我马上会回答你关于儿科医生和儿科的问题。
Okay, so general practitioner, as we've mentioned, is your local doctor in the community.
好的，正如我们提到的，全科医生是你在社区里的本地医生。
We can maybe call that a community doctor.
我们可以称之为社区医生。
That's something specific in the UK.
这是在英国的一个具体概念。
I don't know if in your country you have the same or not.
我不知道在你们的国家是否有相同的情况。
So they don't work in the hospital.
所以他们不在医院工作。
Primary healthcare, we talked about.
我们谈到了初级医疗。
Check-ups, spelling it correctly, we've talked about.
体检，正确拼写，我们也谈过。
Recognize the symptoms.
识别症状。
So recognize the symptoms.
所以识别症状。
The symptoms are the signs of sickness.
症状是疾病的表现。
So if you cough, that's a symptom, right?
所以如果你咳嗽，那就是一个症状，对吧？
It's a sign that there is a sickness, right?
这表明有疾病存在，对吧？
So they have to recognize the signs that you are sick.
所以他们必须识别你生病的迹象。
Make a diagnosis, which is to identify the sickness.
做出诊断，就是识别疾病。
Whoops, identify the sickness.
哎呀，识别疾病。
So if you cough, that's a symptom.
所以如果你咳嗽，那就是一个症状。
The diagnosis is you have the flu, or you have a cold, or you have pneumonia.
诊断是你得了流感，或者感冒，或者肺炎。
That's identifying the sickness.
这就是识别疾病。
Prescribe medicine is a good collocation to know.
开处方是一个很好的搭配。
It just means to give or allocate medicine, to give medicine.
这只是意味着给药或分配药物，给药。
It's actually not to give the medicine 'cause the pharmacist gives the medicine.
实际上并不是给药，因为药剂师给药。
The doctor writes the medicine you should take, right?
医生写下你应该服用的药物，对吧？
So what we say?
那么我们该怎么说呢？
To prescribe medicine is to give, not to give medicine, but to write, to say which medicine you should have.
开处方是给药，不是给药，而是写下你应该服用的药物。
What's a good way of defining prescribe?
定义开处方的好方法是什么？
Let's look it up.
让我们查一下。
Order, advise, authorize the use of.
命令、建议、授权使用。
Advise and authorize the use of.
建议和授权使用。
To advise and authorize medicine, okay.
建议和授权药物，好吧。
Advise and authorize medicine. Prescribe.
建议和授权药物。开处方。
Yeah, 'cause they're not giving it, are they?
是的，因为他们并不是给药，对吧？
The pharmacist or the chemist.
药剂师或化学家。
The chemist will give it.
化学家会给药。
So refer a patient to someone is a good one.
所以将病人转诊给某人是一个很好的表达。
So that's just to send them to a specialist.
这只是把他们送到专家那里。
Specialist, obviously, is a doctor in a special field.
专家显然是某一专业领域的医生。
A wide range of doctors, including pediatrics.
包括儿科在内的广泛医生。
Okay, now I'm not a doctor expert or a health expert, so I'm not sure what the difference is.
好吧，我不是医生专家或健康专家，所以我不确定有什么区别。
Pediatrics is the branch of medicine with children, right.
儿科是医学的一个分支，专门针对儿童，对吧？
So it's pediatrician. Let's go in.
所以是儿科医生。让我们深入了解一下。
Let's go and check.
让我们去看看。
It's probably then pediatrician, yes.
那么很可能是儿科医生，是的。
Come with me into the world of Cambridge Dictionary.
跟我一起进入剑桥词典的世界。
Pediatrics is the science or study of medical care for children.
儿科是儿童医疗护理的科学或研究。
He specializes in pediatrics.
他专攻儿科。
So it's pediatrician.
所以是儿科医生。
Pediatrician, a doctor who has special training.
儿科医生，是经过特殊培训的医生。
There you go. That is the answer.
你看，这就是答案。
So thank you all of you for pointing that out.
所以谢谢你们所有人指出这一点。
My mistake, I do apologize.
我的错，我深表歉意。
Pediatrician, oncologists.
儿科医生，肿瘤学家。
I mean, obviously, you don't need to know these, but it could be worth learning one or two.
我的意思是，显然你不需要知道这些，但学习一两个可能是值得的。
If you work in a hospital, obviously, you probably know this.
如果你在医院工作，显然你可能知道这些。
Get treatment or get the treatment is a good collocation.
接受治疗或得到治疗是一个很好的搭配。
And preventing sickness and disease.
以及预防疾病和疾病。
In a nutshell, we said means in short.
In a nutshell，我们说过了，它的意思是“简而言之”。
There we've got it. Excellent, good.
我们做完练习了。太好了，优秀。
Right, now… Vicky, thank you for that.
好的，现在……维基，谢谢你。
I know you and several others were bringing up the pediatrician thing.
我知道你和其他几个人提到了儿科医生的事情。
To order a medicine might be better.
可能更好的是开药。
Kind of, yes.
有点是的。
But again, I think it's the pharmacist that orders the medicine, and the doctor that authorizes, if you like, yeah.
但我认为是药剂师开药，医生授权，如果你愿意，是的。
What's the meaning of "in a nutshell"?
“In a nutshell”的意思是什么？
In short. Just meaning a lot of ideas in a short phrase.
简而言之。只是意味着将很多想法浓缩成一句话。
So often, at the end of a speech, or the end of a talk, or the end of a story, you can put all the ideas into one sentence and say, "in a nutshell, this is the role of a doctor", okay?
所以通常在演讲结束时，或者谈话结束时，或者故事结束时，你可以将所有想法浓缩成一句话说，“简而言之，这就是医生的角色”，好吗？
Right, excellent, good.
好的，优秀，不错。
来源：英语东