摘要:"If"~其后通常跟有"Then"(然后就…,那么就…),但是一般会删掉。
1/《朗文语法》如何解释IF?
《朗文语法》由"新概念~New Concept"、"跟我学~Follow me"、"平实英语~Plain English"的作者/ L. G Alexander 编著。
其中解释"IF"~如下:
2/ "If"~连词,意为"假如,如果"。
"If"~其后通常跟有"Then"(然后就…,那么就…),但是一般会删掉。
如:
"If X happens, (then) y follows".
如果X~发生了,就导致~Y的发生。
★If the rain stops, (Then) we can go out for a walk.
如果雨停了,我们就可以出去散散步。
★Evergthing is Okay in the end, if it's not ok, then it's not the end.
结果一切都好,那就是好的结局;如果不好,则还未到结束。
★If you are traveling North, you must change at Leeds.《朗文语法》原句。
如果你去北方旅游,你必须在"利兹"换乘火车。
(说明If从句可以用"现在进行时态"表示"将来之意",这可能不被中国语法学家接受)。
2/ IF可引出什么样的条件句?
《朗文语法》说:
"You use if in conditional sentences to introduce the circumstances in which an event or situation might happen, might be happening, or might have happened"。
"用'IF'引出的事件或情况"~可能会发生、可能正在发生、可能已经发生了的局面"。
A/ IF引出"事件可能会发生~Might happen"...
★If the weather is nice tomorrow, we might go to the beach.
如果明天天气好,我们可能会去海滩。
★If it rains tomorrow, I can stop going to school
如果明天下雨,我就可以不上学了。
B/ 事件可能正在发生Might be happening...
★If she isn't answering the phone, she might be working and can't pick up.如果她不接电话,她可能正在工作,没法接。
C/ 事件可能已经发生了Might have happened...
If he had left early, he might have caught the train.
如果他早点出发,他可能已经赶上火车了。
3/IF…可与情态助动词(Will. can. could. would. may. might)连用, 表示"客气地请求、语气委婉,更能表示人的意愿"。
(但是,中国的教科书上认为If+will...不正规、不够传统、极少使用。其实这是偏见)!
传统结构:
★If you give me good pay, I will do my best for you.
如果你给我优厚的报酬,我就积极为你工作。
★If you don't return the money to me,I will file a suit against you.
如果你不把钱还给我,我就去起诉你。
IF+will...《朗文语法》
★If you will sit down for a few moments, I'll tell the manager you're here.
你稍坐,我即告诉经理"你来了"。
★If you would care to leave your name, we'll contact you as soon as possible."柯林斯字典"
麻烦你留下姓名,我们将尽快与你联系。
★If you will help me with this project, I will promise you a reward.《朗文语法》
如果你愿意在这个项目上帮助我,我答应给你奖励。
★If you will agree to pay us compensation, we will agree not to take the matter any further.《朗文语法》
如果你同意赔偿我们,我们就同意不再追究此事。
其实,"英语语法"真的是存在着争议!尤其是细小处。我们只有把握住"基本、常用、大体的语法"知识,就足够日常写作交谈之用了…。
来源:鲲鹏展翅