摘要:1)口译笔记应该记点,切忌求记“全”。口译笔记是记忆的延伸或补充,且也不必取代记忆。口译笔记的主要内容是概念,命题,名称,数字,组织机构和逻辑关系(如大小,先后,正反,上下,升降,因果关系等),笔记单位以表达意群的文字和符号为主。
口译笔记符号
口译笔记符号是因人而异的,没有唯一的标准答案,也不是完全照搬来的,真相是:笔记符号一部分是学来的,一部分是自己潜心练习总结来的,既有通性,又有个性。
做口译笔记时的注意事项:
1)口译笔记应该记点,切忌求记“全”。口译笔记是记忆的延伸或补充,且也不必取代记忆。口译笔记的主要内容是概念,命题,名称,数字,组织机构和逻辑关系(如大小,先后,正反,上下,升降,因果关系等),笔记单位以表达意群的文字和符号为主。
2)口译笔记求快求精,但不可潦草。
3)口译笔记可使用来源语,也可使用目标语,也可以双语兼用。只要有利于口译的精确和流利性,不必拘泥于某种文字或符号。例如,“联合国大会”可笔录为” UN”或“联大”。
英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。很显然的是,如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对口译工作大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:
1、拿掉所有元音:MKT: market、MGR: manager2、保留前几个字母:INFO :information、IOU:I owe you3、保留开头和结尾的发音字母:WK:week、RM:room4、根据发音:R :are、THO:though高级口译听力常用英语缩略词:缩略词(左) 原词(右)
APT :Apartment
ACC:Accountant
ACDG :According
ACPT: Accept
AD :Advertisement
ASAP :As soon as possible
BAL :Balance
BLDG :Building
CERT Certificate
CMU :Communication
CONC :Concern/concerning/concerned
COND :Condition
CO. :Company
FRT:Freight
FYR :For your reference
GD :Good
GUAR :Guarantee
THO :Though
TKS :Thanks
TRD :Trade
TRF:Traffic
TTL :Total
Z 表示“人”people/person,因为"Z"看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。例如:日本人:JZ。
C 表示政府,统治:government,govern 希腊字母C读/ga:ma/,近似government, 所以就用C来表示govern, government。governmental official 可以表示为 CZ。
E 表示总数:total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 数学符号表示总值。
G 表示效率:efficient, effective。G为效率符号。
Q 表示"通货膨胀":inflation因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。
A 表示农业: agriculture. agriculture经常用到,所以用首字母代替。
B 表示商业:business。
C× 表示冲突,矛盾:conflict, confrontation "C×"中的"×"表示反对,字母"C"将反对的概念缩小为conflict 和 confrontation。
i 表示工业: industry, industrial 字母i 像只烟囱,所以用来可以用来表示工业。
T 表示"领导人":leader, head那么head of government, head of company 便可以表示为 CT。
k 这个符号看上像条鱼,所以表示"捕鱼业"等合fishery 有关的词汇。
O 圆圈代表地球,横线表示赤道,所以这个符号就可以表示国际的、世界的、全球的等: international, worldwide, global, universal等.
J 表示开心:pleasant, joyful,happy,excited等.
L 表示不满、生气unsatisfied, discomfort, angry, sad等.
+ 表示"多": many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc.
++(+2) 表示"多"的比较级:more.
+3 表示"多"的最高级:most.
- 表示"少": little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc.
× 表示"错误"、"失误"和"坏"的概念:wrong/incorrect,something bad,notorious,negative, etc.
> 表示"多于"概念:bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc.
表示"高" 概念:superior to,surpass, etc.
表示"低"概念:inferior to,etc.
= 表示"同等"概念:means,that is to say, in other words,the same as,be equal to, etc.
表示"在......之间":among, within, etc.
≠ 表示"不同"概念:be different from, etc.
~ 表示"大约"概念:about/around,or so, approximately, etc.
/ 表示"否定","消除"等概念:cross out, eliminate, etc.
: 表示各种各样"说"的动词:say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc.
? 表示"问题":question,issue,例如:台湾问题:tw?
∧ 表示转折.
√ 表示"好的"状态,right/good,famous/well-known,etc.
☆ 表示"重要的"状态:important,exemplary(模范的) best,outstanding,brilliant,etc.
n 表示"交流"状态:exchange,mutual, etc.
& 表示"和","与":and,together with,along with, accompany,along with,further more,etc.
∥ 表示"结束":end,stop,halt,bring sth to a standstill/stop, etc.
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做口译笔记时的注意事项
1. 口译笔记应该记点,切忌求记“全”。
口译笔记是记忆的延伸或补充,且也不必取代记忆。
口译笔记的主要内容是概念,命题,名称,数字,组织机构和逻辑关系(如大小,先后,正反,上下,升降,因果关系等),笔记单位以表达意群的文字和符号为主。
2. 口译笔记求快求精,但不可潦草。
3. 口译笔记可使用来源语,也可使用目标语,也可以双语兼用。
只要有利于口译的精确和流利性,不必拘泥于某种文字或符号。例如,“联合国大会”可笔录为” UN”或“联大”。
4. 口译笔记使用大量常见略语。
例如:cf(confer/ compare),Co(company),e.g.(例如),max(maximum), min(minimum),ref(reference),std(standard),usu(通常)等。
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口译笔记符号
一、地名简写
Japanese y円三、时间简写
原词符号原词符号hourhrminute’second’’morningmafternoonaevening/night/tonightntodaydyesterday.dthe day before yesterday”dtomorrowd’the day after tomorrowd’ ’day by day/everydayddlast night’nnext morningm’this weekwthe week before last”wMonday1wTuesday2wWednesday3wThursday4wFriday5wSaturday6wSunday7wthis monthmJanuary1mFebruary2mMarch3mApril4mMay5mJune6mJuly7mAugust8mSeptember9mOctober10mNovember11mDecember12dmtwo month ago.2mthis yearytwo year latery2.1949年前/491949年后49/1949年底4920年以后20y|centuryCsince/ever since┠uo to now/ until┫四、度量衡
原词符号原词符号meterminchin.centimetercmfootftminimetermmknotktmilemiacreAnautical milenm原词符号原词符号ApartmentAPTAccountantACCAccordingACDGAcceptACPTAdvertisementADAddressADSaircraftACat leastALAdviceADVApproveAPVas soon as possibleASAPAs much/many as possibleAMAPareRAmountAMTBuildingBLDGBalanceBALCancelCNCLConferenceCNFcarbon copycccare ofc/oConformCFMCommissionCMICompleteCMPConcern/concerning/concernedCONCConditionCONDCommunicationCMUCompete/competitiveCMPECertificateCERTCompanyCO.DepartureDPTDiscountDISCDepartmentDEPTExtentEXTExchangeEXCHExplainEXPLNExtra largeXLFinalFNTFlightFLTFor your referenceFYRFreightFRTGuaranteeGUARGoodGDHome officeH.O.InterestedINTSTInformationINFOimportantIMPI owe youIOUIn stead ofI/OIn view ofIVOIncludeIINCDinsuranceINSImpossibleIMPSIndividualINDIVMinimumMINMarketMKTManufactureMANUFMessageMSGmanagerMGRModelMDLMemorandumMEMONo later thanNLTNecessaryNCRYOrdinaryORDObserveOBSObtainOBTProductPRODPatentPATPackingPKGPleasePLSPeoplePLPiecePCPositionPOSNPossiblePOSS(BL)QuantityQUTYQualityQLTYroomRMRegularREGLRepresentativeREPReservationRESNRepeatRPTResponsibleRESPONreceiveRCVReferenceREFSituationSITNStandardSTDSectionSECThoughTHOTGMTelegraphThanksTKSTelephoneTELTradeTRDthroughTHRUTemporaryTEMPTrafficTRFTotalTTLYouUYourURWillWLWeekWKWeightWT
六、较长单词的处理办法
词尾缩写原词符号七、字母、图像、符号
原词符号原词符号people/person人o右上角Janpanese日本人JPoGovernment/governC 政府Governmental officialCZPolitics/politicalP 政治politicianPZEfficient/effectiveG 效率inflationQ 通货膨胀victory,/win/successV 胜利Leader/headT 领导人agriculture/agricultureA 农业businessB 商业conflict/confrontationC× 冲突/矛盾work/employW 工作/职业industry/industriali 工业treaty/agreementU 合同/协议bilateral(双边的)U内填入2trilateral (三边的)U内填入3Unilateralism(单边主义)U内填入1Multiple(多边主义)U内填入m谈判破裂U上加一个“/”country/state/nation□ 国家/民族/领土Import进口gOoutport出口Ogchair/ host/preside overZ主持/主办Chairman/hostZ°主席、主持人contact, exchanges:∞ 联系fishery∞ 捕鱼业head of government/ companyCTinternational/worldwide/○ 国际的/世界的/全球的global/universalas we all know/ as is known to all/as you have already heard ofEO 听到/众所周之meeting/conference/negotiation/seminar/discussion/symposium⊙会议/开会pleasant/joyful/happy/excitedJ 开心/高兴/荣幸/好现象unsatisfied/discomfort/L 生气/难过/悲伤/忧虑/不满angry/sadindifferent/apathetic/unconcern/don’t care muchO 漠不关心/total/totally/entire/entirely/on the whole/all in all/to sum up∑总值/总数无动于衷go into/arrive at/give to/send to/present tog→ 到达/传达lead to/result in/in the direction of→ 导致/引导come/go back to/originate←追溯到be/come from/return/receive fromf← 自于launch/open/start↗发射/投放市场/发行develop/strengthen/promote/ boost,/improve/enhance↑ 发展/加强/推进up/upward/rise/increase/h↑ 上升ups and downs/twists and turns/roller coasterarise/ascendsubmit to↓屈服exchange/mutualn交流a match /rival /competitor/ counterpart/againstVS对手many/lots of/a great deal of/a good many of/plus+ 多/加之/加上/补充more++/+2多的比较级most+3 多的最高级little/few/lack/in short of/be in shortage of/minus- 少/减去/除去about/around/or so/approximately≈大约bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than> 大于/多于/好于/优于less/smallersuperior to/surpass∧ 高inferior to∨低among/within 在...之间but yet however∧ 转折cross out/eliminate/ 否定/消除question/issue? 问题/疑惑/难题wonder/miracle/pay attention to!惊叹/特别注意matchless/peerless无敌say/speak/talk/marks/ announce/declare: 说/认为/希望end/stop/halt/bring sth to a standstill/stop∥ 结束right/good/famous/well-known√ 对/正确/好的wrong/incorrect/something bad/notorious/negative× 错误/失误/坏stand up for/support/ agree with sb/certain/ affirmativeY同意not agree/disagreeN不同意thought*想法/重要的/优秀的important/best/outstanding/ brilliant☆ 重要的very/extremely__ 强调程度under the circumstance ̄在…的条件/情况下means/that is to say/in other words/the same as/be equal to#NAME?be different from≠ 不同/不等于/不相当/不是and/together with/along with/accompany/along with/further more&和/与belong to∈属于basis of/ perpendicular/ is perpendicular to⊥ …的基础therefore/so/as a result/ consequently∴所以/结果because/because of/due to∵因为/由于/多亏hear/listen○3 听说about@关于parallel//waterH2Ofor4to2withoutw/owithw/plus or minus±timesxso on, etc, and so forth···divided by÷circle, circumference○degree℃ellipse0percent%diameterθper thousand‰triangle, delta△between|.|inside/ within/include/ among,maintaining peace and stability:◎EmptyOas always/hold on,/persist/ insist on≡ 一直/总是/一贯pressure/influence⊥(竖线为向下箭头)On the other hand/or/ 或者right angle∟Representative/delegation/ delegation△ocean/sea/river/lake/brook/ stream∽江河湖海水hills/mountainω山climb the mountainω上加一点·山水之间ω∕∽before/beyond/in front of·|above/on/over~上加一点·below/beneath/under~下加一点·table/desk/house/building/bed︹桌/凳/床/楼/房在椅子上︹上加一短横在桌子下︹下加一短横look/ look after/ look into/investigate/witness⊙资本主义资’四个现代化4mpeace-keeping维p第三世界3w来源:殊书观察记