摘要：worth‌仅限作表语，不能单独前置修饰名词，常见于"be worth + 名词/动名词"结构，如"The painting is worth $1 million"（表具体价值）或"The book is worth reading"（表行为价值）。

一、‌语法功能差异‌

worth‌仅限作表语，不能单独前置修饰名词，常见于"be worth + 名词/动名词"结构，如"The painting is worth $1 million"（表具体价值）或"The book is worth reading"（表行为价值）。

worthy‌兼具表语与定语功能，作定语时带有"值得尊敬的"内涵，如"a worthy opponent"（值得尊敬的对手）；作表语时需接"of + 名词"或不定式，如"The theory is worthy of study"。

worthwhile‌用法最灵活，可作定语（"a worthwhile investment"）、表语（"The effort was worthwhile"）或宾语补足语，且能用"it"作形式主语构建"It's worthwhile to do"句式。

二、‌结构特征对比‌

词汇 核心搭配结构 被动表达方式

worth‌ be worth + 名词/动名词（主动表被动） 无被动结构

worthy‌ be worthy of + 名词/动名词被动式 需用"being done"或"to be done"

worthwhile‌ It's worthwhile doing/to do 主动结构即可完成被动语义

三、‌修饰限定特征‌

修饰语区别‌：worthy和worthwhile可用"very"强调（如"very worthwhile"），而worth需改用"well"修饰，如"well worth the price"

否定形式‌：worth的否定直接在be动词后加not（"isn't worth"），而worthy需否定名词本身（"not worthy of attention"）

四、‌语义侧重差异‌

worth‌着重具体价值衡量，常见于经济价值或性价比评估，如"This watch is worth two months' salary"；

worthy‌侧重抽象价值判断，多用于道德层面或资格认证，如"He is worthy to receive the honor"；

worthwhile‌强调时间/精力的投入产出比，如"Learning programming is worthwhile for career development"。

常见错误示例‌：

× This proposal is worth to consider

✓ This proposal is worth considering (worth后接动名词)

× She is a worth colleague

✓ She is a worthy colleague (定语需用worthy)

× It's not worthy spending time on

✓ It's not worthwhile spending time on (否定时间价值用worthwhile)

通过掌握上述差异点，可准确运用这三个易混词构建符合英语思维的表达逻辑。

来源：悦悦课堂