摘要：“Renounce”源自古法语“renoncer”（放弃、否认），而后者衍生自拉丁语“renuntiare”，由“re-”（相反、向后）和“nuntiare”（宣告、报告）组成。“Nuntiare”与“nuntius”（信使）相关，暗示一种公开的声明行为。因此

renounce

英 [rɪ'naʊns] 美 [rɪ'naʊns]

v.声明放弃；与...断绝关系

“Renounce”源自古法语“renoncer”（放弃、否认），而后者衍生自拉丁语“renuntiare”，由“re-”（相反、向后）和“nuntiare”（宣告、报告）组成。“Nuntiare”与“nuntius”（信使）相关，暗示一种公开的声明行为。因此，“renounce”字面意为“反向宣告”，即通过正式声明放弃某物或某事。这个词在14世纪进入英语，最初常见于宗教或封建场景（如放弃异端信仰或继承权），后逐渐扩展到描述任何郑重的舍弃行为，带有不可逆转的庄重感。

◉外刊例句

① 《The Guardian》 (2023年11月12日)

The activist renounced her allegiance to the party, citing its failure to address climate change.

这位活动家宣布放弃对该党的忠诚，理由是该党未能应对气候变化。

② 《Financial Times》 (2024年10月8日)

The company renounced its plans for offshore drilling after pressure from environmental groups.

在环保团体的压力下，该公司宣布放弃海上钻探计划。

◉经典名著

① 《呼啸山庄》（Wuthering Heights）——艾米莉·勃朗特 (1847年)

She could not renounce her passion for Heathcliff, though it tore her heart asunder.

她无法放弃对希斯克利夫的激情，尽管这让她的心碎裂。

② 《远大前程》（Great Expectations）——查尔斯·狄更斯 (1861年)

I resolved to renounce my dreams of wealth and return to a simpler life.

我决定放弃对财富的梦想，回归更简单的生活。

◉Usage examples

(1) He renounced his claim to the property.

(2) The barrister entirely renounce his right to object to a juror.

(3) It was painful for him to renounce his son.

(4) He renounced his religion and became a Muslim.

(1) 他放弃了对财产的要求。

(2) 这位律师完全放弃了反对陪审团成员的权力。

(3) 宣布与儿子脱离关系对他来说是很痛苦的。

(4) 他宣布脱离他原来的宗教而成为了一名穆斯林教徒。

◉Usage Notes

To renounce is to officially give up or turn away from. People on a diet usually renounce pizza and chocolate cake, for example.

The transitive verb renounce is a stronger, more formal way of saying that you reject or disown something. A prince who's tired of the royal life could renounce his title and become a commoner, or a senator who wanted to become an independent would have to renounce his political party ties. You'd be wise to heed the wisdom of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who said: “To renounce liberty is to renounce being a man, to surrender the rights of humanity and even its duties.”

1. [VERB 动词]宣布放弃，抛弃(信仰或行为方式) If you renounce a belief or a way of behaving, you decide and declare publicly that you no longer have that belief or will no longer behave in that way. [V n]

After a period of imprisonment she renounced terrorism...

在被囚禁一段时间之后，她宣布放弃恐怖主义。

2. [VERB 动词]正式放弃(要求、官阶或头衔) If you renounce a claim, rank, or title, you officially give it up. [V n]

He renounced his claim to the French throne.

他正式放弃对法国王位的继承权。

来源：学无用的英语