摘要：The grim image of a needle piercing skin and bones to draw out marrow is what comes to mind for many when they think of stem cell

提到干细胞捐献，很多人脑海里会浮现出用针穿透皮肤和脊柱抽取骨髓的画面。来自湖南省岳阳市的大学生王俊涛当初也这么想。

The grim image of a needle piercing skin and bones to draw out marrow is what comes to mind for many when they think of stem cell donation. Wang Juntao, a college student who voluntarily registered as a donor about four years ago, was no different.

2021年夏天，在湖南理工学院读大四的王俊涛在位于校园的献血车上献过血后，成为中华骨髓库登记志愿者，但当时他对造血干细胞捐献的了解还不是很多。今年2月，他接到了初步配型成功的电话，感到有些茫然和犹豫。

So when the 22-year-old received a call in February informing him he was a potential match for a blood disease patient, he was slightly confused.

全国第2万例造血干细胞捐献者王俊涛 图源：中华骨髓库

“后来我在网上搜索了很多资料，并咨询了当地红十字会的工作人员。我了解到捐献造血干细胞实际上非常安全，只是会带来一些暂时的不适。” 他说。 “这意味着我可以通过一些努力拯救另一个人的生命，于是我决定成为一名捐献者。”

"I checked information available online carefully and consulted with local Red Cross officials," he said. "I learned that stem cell donation is actually very safe and only involves some temporary discomfort. I can potentially save another person's life with some effort, so I decided to go ahead with the donation."

王俊涛于本月初完成造血干细胞采集，成为全国第2万例非亲缘造血干细胞捐献者。

Wang completed the harvesting procedure earlier this month and became the country's 20,000th unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donor.

5月5日，大学生王俊涛成功完成造血干细胞捐献 图源：岳阳日报

“整个过程非常顺利，就像献血一样，没什么痛苦，只是在打了动员剂后的几天，我感觉有点头晕和发烧，但这些症状在捐献后也很快消失了。” 他说。

在本周举行的一次主题宣传活动上，中国红十字会党组成员、副会长王斌为王俊涛颁发了荣誉证书。

5月13日，中国红十字会党组成员、副会长王斌为王俊涛颁发荣誉证书 图源：中华骨髓库

“这两万名捐献者来自不同的领域，有着不同的身份和经历，他们中有在校的00后大学生，有用爱守护生命的白衣天使，有忙碌而又热情的快递小哥，有永葆军人本色的退役军人，他们为陌生人送去珍贵的生命礼物，成为社会责任和人间大爱的践行者，成为人道、博爱、奉献的无私精神的传播者。” 她说道。

"These donors come from different backgrounds, including college students born in the 2000s, medical workers, delivery couriers and veterans," said Wang Bin, vice-president of the Red Cross Society of China.

"They have given another human being a second chance at life and exemplified social responsibility and universal love through their compassionate and selfless acts."

据悉，目前中华骨髓库入库数据已达到360多万人份，成为世界第四大、亚洲第一大骨髓库，累计捐献造血干细胞突破了2万例，其中，向国（境）外捐献超过400例。

The organization said more than 3.6 million people are now listed in China's registry for potential stem cell donors, making it the largest in Asia and the fourth largest in the world.

The number of unrelated stem cell transplantations nationwide exceeded 10,000 in September 2020 and has now surpassed 20,000, including 400 for patients from overseas.

岳阳市红十字会工作人员徐娴慧说，她碰到对造血干细胞捐献最常见的误解之一是需要从背部脊柱中提取骨髓。

Xu Xianhui, a Red Cross worker in Yueyang, said one of the most common misconceptions is that the process involves extracting bone marrow from the spine.

“实际上，我们会提前几天注射动员剂，然后通过手臂上的静脉从外周血中采集干细胞。这完全是安全的。” 她补充说，红会也会在手术前后为捐献者提供健康检查。

"In reality, the procedure typically involves injecting mobilizing agents a few days beforehand and then collecting stem cells from peripheral blood through a vein in the arm," she said. "It is completely safe."

She added that the local Red Cross provides donors with health checkups before and after the procedure.

据中华骨髓库的介绍，捐献造血干细胞由外周血进行采集，形式类似于无偿献血的机采血小板。动员剂可以加速骨髓造血干细胞的生成并释放到外周血中，以满足移植需要。据多年的临床观察和国际报道，药物动员剂对人体健康没有长期或严重的副作用，仅在注射之后，因为刺激骨髓造血，产生类似轻微感冒的症状，如低热、肌肉骨骼酸痛等，在停药之后很快消失。总之，捐献造血干细胞和无偿献血一样安全、科学、无损健康。

岳阳市中心医院血液科主任孙华说，符合条件的捐献者年龄必须在18至45岁之间，并符合基本的健康标准。

Sun Hua, chief of the hematology department at Yueyang Central Hospital, said eligible donors must be age 18 to 45 and meet basic health criteria.

“外周血的捐献量一般是200毫升左右，我们平时献血的话是400毫升左右。而且干细胞它是可以再生的，所以捐献干细胞对身体健康是没有影响的。”

"A typical stem cell collection requires only 200 milliliters of peripheral blood per session — compared to 400 milliliters for a standard blood donation," Sun said. "Also, the body naturally regenerates these cells, making the procedure very safe."

造血干细胞移植是治疗和挽救血液病患者生命的重要手段。湖南省人民医院细胞移植科主任刘灿说，尽管现在有很多新疗法，但对于急性白血病和严重再生障碍性贫血等疾病，干细胞移植仍然是不可替代的。

Stem cell transplantation is a critical tool in treating and saving the lives of blood disease patients. Liu Can, director of the cellular transplantation department at Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, said that despite advances in new therapies, stem cell transplantation remains irreplaceable for conditions such as acute leukemia and severe aplastic anemia.

刘灿说： “在我们医院，干细胞移植接受者的五年生存率有80%以上，很多患有地中海贫血的儿童患者接受移植后实现了无病生存。”

"At our hospital, stem cell recipients achieve a five-year survival rate of about 80 percent, and many child patients with thalassemia have achieved clinical remission thanks to the procedure," she said.

今年，王俊涛即将大学毕业。 “如果说大学生活是一场丰富的课程，那么捐献造血干细胞无疑是我大学四年最特别、最有意义的‘选修课’。”

“当看到许许多多工作人员，为救助他人默默付出、不懈努力，而我有幸成为这个爱心链条中的一环时，我感到无比自豪。” 他说。

记者：王小予

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