摘要：在咱这华夏大地的传统里，“贴秋膘”就像是一场与秋天的约定。夏日的炎热渐渐退去，秋风送爽，人们便琢磨着在秋季好好补补身子，为即将到来的寒冬储存能量，仿佛要把夏天流失的“元气”都一股脑儿地补回来。然而，这“贴秋膘”可不是一场人人都能参与的“狂欢派对”，若是不顾自身

在咱这华夏大地的传统里，“贴秋膘”就像是一场与秋天的约定。夏日的炎热渐渐退去，秋风送爽，人们便琢磨着在秋季好好补补身子，为即将到来的寒冬储存能量，仿佛要把夏天流失的“元气”都一股脑儿地补回来。然而，这“贴秋膘”可不是一场人人都能参与的“狂欢派对”，若是不顾自身体质盲目跟风，那可就如同在错误的道路上狂奔，不仅补不了身体，还可能惹出一身麻烦。

肥胖及代谢异常者：秋膘是“甜蜜的负担”

先说说那些肥胖及代谢异常的朋友，他们就像背着沉重包袱的行者，本身身体里的“交通”就已经有些混乱了。高血压、高血脂、糖尿病这些“小恶魔”在他们体内肆虐，此时若是再来一场高脂高热量饮食的“狂欢”，那无疑是在给这些“小混乱”加油打气，让它们更加嚣张跋扈。

据相关统计，在我国，肥胖人群中患有高血压的比例高达40%左右，患有高血脂的比例约为35%，而糖尿病患者里肥胖人群也占了相当大的比重。想象一下，这些朋友的身体就像是一座已经超载的桥梁，本就摇摇欲坠，若是在“贴秋膘”的时候再往上面堆放大量的脂肪和热量，这座桥梁迟早会不堪重负而崩塌。

我有个邻居，身材肥胖，还患有高血压和高血脂。去年秋天，他听信了“贴秋膘”的说法，天天大鱼大肉，结果没过多久，血压飙升，血脂也严重超标，不得不去医院住了一段时间。这就是盲目“贴秋膘”带来的惨痛教训，肥胖及代谢异常者，还是乖乖地和秋膘说“拜拜”吧。

脾胃虚弱者：进补如“火上浇油”

脾胃虚弱的人，就像一台动力不足的老旧机器，运转起来总是磕磕绊绊。他们常常食欲不振，吃一点点东西就觉得腹胀，大便还不成形。若是此时进补不当，就好比给这台老旧机器强行塞进过多的燃料，不仅无法让它正常运转，反而会导致消化不良和积食，让机器彻底“罢工”。

从中医的角度来看，脾胃是后天之本，气血生化之源。脾胃虚弱的人，消化功能本就较差，无法很好地吸收和运化食物中的营养。有数据显示，在脾胃虚弱的人群中，约有70%的人在进补后会出现不同程度的消化不良症状。

我认识一位老人，脾胃一直不太好。有一年秋天，他的家人觉得他身体虚弱，需要好好补补，就给他做了很多滋补的食物。结果老人吃了之后，肚子胀得难受，好几天都没胃口吃饭。这就是典型的进补不当，脾胃虚弱者应该先调理好脾胃，等脾胃功能恢复正常了，再考虑进补的事情。

胃火旺盛者：清内热是进补“前奏”

胃火旺盛的人，就像体内藏着一座熊熊燃烧的火山，常常伴有口臭、便秘、喜冷饮等症状。他们的身体里已经“热气腾腾”，此时若是不先清内热，就直接进补，那就好比在火山口上盖房子，迟早会被火山喷发出来的“热浪”给摧毁。

中医认为，胃火旺盛是由于饮食不节、情志失调等原因导致的。这类人在秋季进补前，应该先吃一些清热降火的食物，比如苦瓜、绿豆等，把体内的“火气”降下来。据临床观察，胃火旺盛者在未清内热的情况下进补，约有80%的人会出现上火症状，如口腔溃疡、牙龈肿痛等。

我有个朋友，平时就喜欢吃辛辣食物，胃火一直很旺。去年秋天，他不顾自己的身体状况，跟着别人一起“贴秋膘”，结果没过几天，就口腔溃疡频发，痛苦不堪。后来，他听从医生的建议，先清内热，再适当进补，身体才慢慢恢复了正常。

老年人及儿童：消化功能弱，进补需谨慎

老年人就像一台使用多年的老机器，各个零部件都已经磨损严重，消化功能也大不如前。而儿童则像一颗正在茁壮成长的幼苗，消化系统尚未发育完善。这两类人群的消化功能都比较弱，如果过量进食肉类等高蛋白、高脂肪的食物，就容易导致积滞，就像给一条狭窄的小路塞满了过多的车辆，会造成交通堵塞。

有研究表明，老年人和儿童在过量进食肉类后，出现消化不良、积食等症状的比例高达60%以上。对于老年人来说，过量进补还可能引发其他疾病，如心血管疾病等。而对于儿童来说，积滞可能会影响他们的生长发育。

我邻居家的孩子，有一次在秋天吃了很多肉，结果第二天就肚子不舒服，不想吃饭。孩子的奶奶后悔不已，说以后再也不敢让孩子一下子吃这么多肉了。老年人也应该遵循适量、清淡的原则，先健脾养胃，再慢慢进补。

“贴秋膘”虽是一种传统习俗，但并非人人适用。我们应该根据自己的体质，科学、合理地进补。就像走路一样，要选择适合自己的道路，才能走得稳健、走得长远。在这个秋天，让我们摒弃盲目“贴秋膘”的观念，以辨体进补的方式，呵护好自己的身体，迎接更加健康美好的未来。

作者简介：梁世杰 中医高年资主治医师，本科学历，从事中医临床工作24年，积累了较丰富的临床经验。师从首都医科大学附属北京中医院肝病科主任医师、著名老中医陈勇，侍诊多载，深得器重，尽得真传！擅用“商汤经方分类疗法”、专病专方结合“焦树德学术思想”“关幼波十纲辨证”学术思想治疗疑难杂症为特色。现任北京树德堂中医研究院研究员，北京中医药薪火传承新3+3工程—焦树德门人（陈勇）传承工作站研究员，国际易联易学与养生专委会常务理事，中国中医药研究促进会焦树德学术传承专业委员会委员，中国药文化研究会中医药慢病防治分会首批癌症领域入库专家。荣获2020年中国中医药研究促进会仲景医学分会举办的第八届医圣仲景南阳论坛“经方名医”荣誉称号。2023年首届京津冀“扁鹊杯”燕赵医学研究主题征文优秀奖获得者。事迹入选《当代科学家》杂志、《中华英才》杂志。

Not everyone can "fix" autumn sickness, identify ways to take supplements

In the traditions of China, "fixing autumn" is like an agreement with the autumn. As the summer heat gradually recedes and the autumn wind becomes cooler, people think about getting better at their bodies in the autumn and storing energy for the coming winter, as if to restore all the "strength" lost in summer. However, this "fasting" is not a "carnival party" that everyone can participate in. If you blindly follow the trend regardless of your physical condition, it is like running on the wrong road, not only failing to replenish your body, but you may get in trouble.

Obesity and metabolic abnormalities: Autumn fat is a "sweet burden"

Let's start with friends who are obese and metabolically abnormal. They are like heavy carriers whose "traffic" in their own bodies is already somewhat chaotic. High blood pressure, hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus are rampant in their bodies. If we have another "carnival" of high fat and high calorie diet, it will cheer these "little demons" and make them more arrogant.

According to relevant statistics, in China, the proportion of obese people with hypertension is about 40%, the proportion of people with hyperlipidemia is about 35%, and the proportion of obese people with diabetes mellitus is also a large proportion. Imagine that these friends' bodies are like an overloaded bridge that is already crumbling, and if you stack a lot of fat and calories on top of it when you're reaching your waistline, it will sooner or later become overwhelmed and collapse.

I have a neighbor who is obese and has high blood pressure and high cholesterol. Last fall, he listened to the mantra of "eating a healthy diet" and ate a lot of fish and meat every day. It didn't take long for his blood pressure to soar and his blood lipids to become so high that he had to spend some time in the hospital. This is the painful lesson of blindly "toing for a healthy age." Those who are obese and have metabolic abnormalities should still say "bye" to their healthy ages.

Deficiency of spleen and stomach: tonic as "add fuel to the fire"

A man with deficiency of spleen and stomach is like an old machine with insufficient power, which always stumbles. They often have a loss of appetite, and when they eat a little, they feel bloating and their stools are not yet formed. If not properly supplemented at this time, it is like forcing excessive fuel into this old machine, which will not only fail to make it work properly, but will cause indigestion and food accumulation, and make the machine "strike" completely.

From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, the spleen and stomach are the natural ingredients and the biochemical source of qi and blood. People with deficiency of spleen and stomach have poor digestive system and can not absorb and transport nutrients from food well. Statistics show that about 70% of people with deficiency of spleen and stomach suffer from dyspepsia after taking supplements.

I know an old man who has always had a bad stomach. One fall, his family decided he was weak and needed a good remedy, so they made him a lot of nourishing food. As a result, after the old man ate, his stomach became very swollen and he did not have the appetite to eat for several days. This is the typical deficiency of spleen and stomach, spleen and stomach should be adjusted first, such as spleen and stomach back to normal, then consider the matter of tonic.

People with a strong stomach fire: clearing internal fever is a "precursor" to healing

People with a strong stomach fire, like a burning volcano in their body, are often accompanied by bad breath, constipation, and a preference for cold drinks. Their bodies are already "hot," and if they do not clear the internal heat first, they can directly supplement them, which is like building a house on a volcano, and sooner or later the "heat wave" from the volcano will destroy it.

According to traditional Chinese medicine, a strong stomach fire is caused by reasons such as improper diet and mood disorders. Before these people take remedies in autumn, they should eat some foods that clear the heat and reduce the fire, such as bitter melons and green beans, to reduce the "flame" in the body. According to the clinical observation, about 80% of the people who have strong stomach fire will have the symptoms of burning, such as oral ulcers, swelling and aching of gum and so on.

I have a friend who usually likes spicy food and has a strong stomach. Last fall, despite his physical condition, he followed others to "fit for the autumn," and within a few days, he was suffering from frequent oral ulcers. Later, he followed the doctor's advice to clear the internal fever first and take appropriate supplements, and his body slowly returned to normal.

Older people and children: weak digestive function and caution in taking supplements

The elderly are like an old machine that has been in use for many years, with various parts worn down severely and digestion functioning much worse than before. The child, on the other hand, is like a thriving baby with a digestive system that is not yet fully developed. Both types of people have weak digestive function, and if they overeat high-protein, high-fat foods such as meat, they can easily lead to stagnation, like filling a narrow road with too many vehicles, causing traffic jams.

Studies have shown that the proportion of elderly and children who experience digestive problems and accumulated food after eating too much meat is as high as 60%. For the elderly, excessive supplementation may also cause other diseases, such as cardiovascular disease. In children, retardation may affect their growth and development.

My neighbor's child, once ate a lot of meat in the fall, only to get sick the next day and don't want to eat. The child's grandmother regretted it and said she would never dare let the child eat so much meat at once. Older people should also follow the principle of moderation and lightness, first to strengthen the spleen and stomach, and then slowly to supplement.

Although it is a traditional custom, it is not suitable for everyone. We should supplement scientifically and reasonably according to our physical condition. Just like walking, it is necessary to choose the path that is right for you to walk steadily and for you to go long. In this autumn, let us abandon the idea of blindly "fixing up" and take proper care of our own body in a manner that allows us to usher in a healthier and better future.

Author Bio: Liang Shijie is a senior medical practitioner in traditional Chinese medicine with an undergraduate degree. He has been engaged in traditional medicine clinical work for 24 years and has accumulated a wealth of clinical experience. Following Chen Yong, chief physician of liver disease at Beijing Traditional Medicine Hospital, affiliated with Capital Medical University, and renowned old Chinese medicine, he has been treated for many years and received great attention. He specializes in the treatment of difficult diseases using "conversational traditional therapy" and special treatments combined with the academic ideas of Jiao Shude and Guan Yubo's ten-level diagnosis.He is currently a researcher at the Shude Tang TCM Research Institute in Beijing, a fellow at the new 3 + 3 project of traditional Chinese medicine flame inheritance in Beijing - a scholar at the inheritance workstation of Jiao Shude's protégés (Chen Yong),He is a standing committee member of the International Expert Committee on E-learning and Health Care, a member of the Jiao Shude Academic Heritage Special Committee of the Chinese Association for the Advancement of Chinese Medicine Research, and the first cancer specialist to be included in the chapter of the Chinese Pharmaceutical Culture Research Association. Won the 2020 China Association for the Promotion of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhongjing Medical Branch held the eighth session of the Medical Saint Zhongjing Nanyang Forum "Classic Prescription Famous Doctor" honorary title. The winner of the first Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei "Pingui Cup" Yanzhao Medical Research Essay Award in 2023. His work was featured in the journal Current Scientist and the journal Chinese Talent.

来源：首都专家梁世杰一点号